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1
tesis de maestría
Presenta aplicaciones de optimización topológica para problemas de valor propio, como frecuencia natural o carga de pandeo linealizada utilizando elementos finitos-poligonales en dominios bidimensionales. En este trabajo se presentan algunos aplicaciones de optimización de topología para problemas de valores propios donde el objetivo principal es maximizar un valor propio especificado, como una frecuencia natural o una carga de pandeo linealizada utilizando elementos finitos poligonales en dominios bidimensionales arbitrarios. La idea es obtener la distribución óptima del material para maximizar la frecuencia natural fundamental (por ejemplo, para mantenerla alejada de una frecuencia de excitación externa o para maximizar la frecuencia más baja) o maximizar la carga crítica de pandeo (por ejemplo, para asegurar un mayor nivel de estabilidad de las estructuras) sometiendo a una r...
2
artículo
Publicado 2012
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The objective of this work is to provide a reliable numerical model using the finite element method (FEM) for the dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. For this purpose, a computer program based on a strain-rate sensitive elasto-plastic theory is developed using 3D brick finite elements. The implicit Newmark scheme with predictor and corrector phases is used for time integration of the nonlinear system of equations. In addition, the steel reinforcement is considered to be smeared and perfectly adhered to concrete and represented by membrane finite elements. Two benchmark examples are analyzed with the present numerical model and results are compared with those obtained by other authors. The present numerical model is able to reproduce the path failure, collapse loads and failure mechanism within an acceptable level of accuracy.
3
artículo
Publicado 2021
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The fire in the structure causes the temperature of the concrete surface to increase, thus reducing its resistance to compression, bending and elastic modulus. Although concrete has a poorer conductor than steel, the constant high temperature on the surface causes gradual heating in its inner layer. As a building material, concrete is widely used due to its high resistance to fire, it is essential to withstand one of the most severe disasters that a structure can withstand in its life. The objective of this document is to carry out a systematic review of the effects that fire has on the mechanical and thermal properties of reinforced concrete structures. 50 articles published in a database indexed between the years 2011 and 2021 were reviewed, distributed as follows: 28 in Scopus, nine in Web of Science, eight in Scielo, three in ScienceDirect and two in EBSCO, referring to concrete resi...
4
artículo
Publicado 2021
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The fire in the structure causes the temperature of the concrete surface to increase, thus reducing its resistance to compression, bending and elastic modulus. Although concrete has a poorer conductor than steel, the constant high temperature on the surface causes gradual heating in its inner layer. As a building material, concrete is widely used due to its high resistance to fire, it is essential to withstand one of the most severe disasters that a structure can withstand in its life. The objective of this document is to carry out a systematic review of the effects that fire has on the mechanical and thermal properties of reinforced concrete structures. 50 articles published in a database indexed between the years 2011 and 2021 were reviewed, distributed as follows: 28 in Scopus, nine in Web of Science, eight in Scielo, three in ScienceDirect and two in EBSCO, referring to concrete resi...
5
artículo
Publicado 2021
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In this work, we propose the nonmonotone projected spectral gradient method to solve the problem of minimizing compliance of a static structure, classic problem in topology optimization. The present method has proof of global convergence and is easy to implement. The performance of the proposed method is studied through numerical examples in two dimensions.
6
artículo
Publicado 2012
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The objective of this work is to provide a reliable numerical model using the finite element method (FEM) for the dynamic analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. For this purpose, a computer program based on a strain-rate sensitive elasto-plastic theory is developed using 3D brick finite elements. The implicit Newmark scheme with predictor and corrector phases is used for time integration of the nonlinear system of equations. In addition, the steel reinforcement is considered to be smeared and perfectly adhered to concrete and represented by membrane finite elements. Two benchmark examples are analyzed with the present numerical model and results are compared with those obtained by other authors. The present numerical model is able to reproduce the path failure, collapse loads and failure mechanism within an acceptable level of accuracy.
7
artículo
Publicado 2019
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This paper initially describes aspects of the modeling of structures equipped with energy dissipators Shear Link Bozzo (SLB) and develops two iterative design procedures to select these devices. This methodology is applied to a precast 5-story reinforced concrete building. The SLB energy dissipation devices are initially stiff, but ductile with a range of yielding forces from 36 kN to 900 kN characterized by 52 + 52 standard devices. Moreover, these devices can be combined in parallel giving a very wide range of possibilities for selection and corresponding structural response. Therefore, to simplify its automatic selection, this article presents two procedures: (1) direct iteration and (2) inverse or fixed force iteration. Both procedures were implemented in an automatic application or “plugin” for the ETABS program that automates its selection for a specific structural system or ar...
8
artículo
The social, economic, and environmental consequences of the failure of an arch dam make it essential to evaluate its dynamic response to mitigate the risk of a disaster. Since the slenderness and flexibility of these dams tend to increase the fluid-structure interaction during an earthquake, this work compares the dynamic response of a hypothetical arch dam in the Marañón river, in northern Perú, for both full and empty-reservoir conditions. Three formulations were used to estimate the hydrodynamic pressures: Westergaard’s added mass, Eulerian and Lagrangian. The comparisons were performed for earthquakes of distinct seismogenic sources, previously matched to a uniform hazard spectrum with a return period of 10000 years. The finite element method was used to derive the seismic demands of the dam-reservoir-foundation system in COMSOL Multiphysics software, carrying out time-history a...
9
tesis de grado
Publicado 2024
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En los elementos estructurales, hechos a base de concreto, surge la necesidad de mejorar la resistencia, para lo cual, el fenómeno de curado es un factor de gran importancia, y mientras más opciones se tengan, será mucho mejor. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación , es d eterminar el mejoramiento de las propiedades de un concreto 210 kg/cm2 mediante los diferentes tipos de curados para elementos estructurales . Se empleó el método científico, de tipo aplicado, con un nivel explicativo y con un diseño cuasi - experimental. Se obtuvo como resultados de carbonatación a los 28 días : P ara el curado con agua de rio de 0.000 mm, por inmersión de 0.001 mm, para el curado por aspersión de 0.50 mm, para el curado con aceite de linaza de 2.45 mm, co n curado químico Chema de 2.625 mm y sin curado 4.063 mm; para los ensayos de resistencia a compresión , el concreto sin c...
10
artículo
Publicado 2019
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In this work, we present some numerical results about the problem of a rising hot solid sphere immersed in a Newtonian fluid which viscosity depends on the temperature. The model formulated to solve the problem considers two dimensionless parameters: The Peclet number, Pe and a parameter related with the viscosity, e. Small and large variations on e lead to interesting results segregated into two regimes which exhibit an asymptotic structure.To carry out the computations to solve the proposed model, the element finite method was used along with a non-slip boundary condition for the contact surface between the sphere and the fluid and the results obtained were compared to those shown recently in papers related wherein contact surface has a slip-boundary condition prescribed.
11
artículo
Publicado 2019
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In this work, we present some numerical results about the problem of a rising hot solid sphere immersed in a Newtonian fluid which viscosity depends on the temperature. The model formulated to solve the problem considers two dimensionless parameters: The Peclet number, Pe and a parameter related with the viscosity, e. Small and large variations on e lead to interesting results segregated into two regimes which exhibit an asymptotic structure.To carry out the computations to solve the proposed model, the element finite method was used along with a non-slip boundary condition for the contact surface between the sphere and the fluid and the results obtained were compared to those shown recently in papers related wherein contact surface has a slip-boundary condition prescribed.
12
tesis de grado
La presente investigación trata sobre “El análisis estructural de la Iglesia San Pedro de Carabayllo” considerada el monumento histórico más antiguo de Lima Norte. Este trabajo se desarrolló con el objetivo de determinar su análisis estructural; utilizando un modelo matemático de acuerdo al método de elementos finitos, determinando los valores numéricos de los esfuerzos y sus desplazamientos. Esta tesis es una investigación aplicada, cuantitativa de diseño descriptivo y de tipo explicativo, no experimental, transversal y prospectivo. Se concluye que la estructura no cumple con los desplazamientos mínimos según norma sismo resistente y que falla al someterla a cargas de sismo, planteándonos de esta manera alternativas de reforzamiento para la estructura; evitando así afectar la autenticad de los materiales de la estructura. This research is about “Structural analysis ...
13
tesis de grado
Publicado 2015
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El Museo de Sitio Bodega y Quadra es el primer museo de sitio del Centro Histórico que muestra detalles del estilo de vida en la Lima antigua. Declarada Patrimonio Cultural Inmueble Colonial por el INC, actual Ministerio de Cultura; es por ello que consideramos importante realizar la evaluación estructural del mismo ante un evento sísmico severo. Dicha evaluación se ha realizado mediante el programa “VisualFEA”, el cual se basa en la teoría de los elementos finitos, además se ha respetado la norma de diseño peruana y las consideraciones necesarias por ser, la estructura en estudio, un monumento histórico. La presente es una investigación aplicada, cuantitativa, explicativa y descriptiva; de diseño no experimental, transversal y prospectivo. Se concluye que la estructura no cumple los desplazamientos mínimos, según norma, al someterla al sismo severo; por lo que se procede...
14
artículo
Publicado 2022
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Lima, the capital of Peru, has not suffered from a great earthquake since 1746, making this a prone Mw 8.8 earthquake area according to seismological studies. In this context, seismic structural health monitoring presents an opportunity to assess rapidly buildings after a great earthquake and protect inhabitant from those buildings with high risk of collapse due to aftershocks. A basic seismic structural health monitoring arrangement of a fifteenth-floor residential building is presented using a low-cost sensor called Raspberry Shake 4D. The implemented sensor incorporates both a vertical velocity geophone and three orthogonally positioned microelectromechanical systems accelerometers. The building is a reinforced concrete shear walls structure located in Comas, north of Lima. More than thirty seismic events have been recorded, including the Mw 8.0 Lagunas earthquake (05/26/2019) and the...
15
artículo
Publicado 2024
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Introduction: In oral rehabilitation, the use of ceramic restorations is widely accepted due to its aesthetic capacity to mimic the naturalness of the dental tissue, provide longevity of the material, and present a greater marginal fit compared to crowns with a metal structure. Termination lines are biological preparations whose function is to minimize the cervical opening of the marginal seal. Consequently, analyzing the behavior of restorative materials under compressive forces decreases the risk of fracture and increases the success of the treatment. Objective: To compare the compressive stresses of lithium disilicate crowns with three different finishing lines. Methodology: In silico study of the simulation of a dental preparation on a lower right first molar with chamfer (0.6 mm), shoulder (0.5 mm) and deep chamfer (0.5 mm) finish lines. Using the SolidWorks®️ version 2017 softwa...
16
artículo
Publicado 2019
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This article reports the state-of-the-art of the implementation of finite element modeling for clay masonry walls under lateral loads. Important work had been developed at CIMID Laboratory of Structures in clay walls under lateral loads and, according to the review, nowadays, researches mainly report experimental tests with their numerical nonlinear models. This process is important to validate and complement their results. Bench-mark model developed in 1994 at Chiba University had been selected to evaluate all work developed at CISMID in these recently years. The evaluation uses three variables: 1) The study evaluated include experimental results for masonry walls, (2) The study evaluated use nonlinear models for interaction between mortar and bricks, and (3) The study evaluated record their results with graphics showing the failure process. Finally, evaluate these models with fin...
17
tesis de grado
Publicado 2023
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La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo, determinar y verificar el diseño estructural de losas convencionales a losas prefabricadas de concreto armado que sean sometidas a cargas en los pisos típicos superiores, con el uso del software ETABS y cumplir con la norma peruana vigente. Para ello, se hizo el diseño y análisis estructural en el proyecto multifamiliar “San Felipe Tower” de 22 pisos con sótano ubicado en el distrito de Jesús María en Lima Metropolitana. En el primer capítulo, se establece la importancia del problema de investigación que radica en tratar y mejorar el análisis sísmico de elementos prefabricados de concreto armado en pisos típicos para el proyecto multifamiliar San Felipe Tower. En el segundo capítulo, se trató el marco teórico definiendo constructos de investigación como las bases teóricas de diseño estructural, elementos prefabricados e...
18
artículo
This study suggests an interdisciplinary model for the analysis of school argumentation that applies the Theory of Argumentation to the educational field. For the reconstruction of the school argumentative discourse, two theoretical tools have been used: Lo Cascio’s (1998) textual linguistics —useful in order to discover the argumentative framework— and the new rhetoric of Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca (1958/1989), which will serve to recognize the argumentative techniques used. The method of this work is a qualitative research with descriptive orientation; the latter aspect can be seen in the systematic observation of the elements that make up the argumentation, the graphic representation of the arguments and the identification of the argumentative techniques used by the students in their dissertation. The evaluation of these data provides an understanding of the relationship betw...
19
tesis de maestría
Publicado 2013
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This research work studies the fundamentals of the Hybrid Frequency-Time Domain (HFTD) method for dynamic analysis of structures, applied to the seismic analysis of dam-reservoir interaction systems. The theoretical consistency and accuracy of the HFTD method, based on the frequency domain Fourier analysis, is demonstrated through all the parts of the thesis, but particularly in Chapter 5 for linear and highly non-linear single degree of freedom (SDOF) models subject to several types of loading, and in Chapter 7 for a 2D dam-reservoir interaction finite element model subject to an earthquake ground acceleration loading. On the other hand, a Finite Element Method (FEM) formulation of dam-reservoir interaction problems is presented, being demonstrated the frequency-dependence nature of this type of systems. The fluid compressibility and boundary conditions of the reservoir are analytically...
20
Publicado 2021
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El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue para realizar edificaciones educativas se debe realizar un planteamiento arquitectónico; dentro de ellos se puede encontrar estudios, así como: estudio del clima, topografía, elementos naturales, elementos artificiales, desniveles interiores y exteriores. Además del planteamiento arquitectónico, otro aspecto importante a considerar, es la normatividad para infraestructuras educativas, así como: Norma A 040 y Norma A 130. Los elementos estructurales en el sector constructivo, brindan resistencia toda estructura, mientras que los elementos no estructúrales cumplen la función arquitectónica o estética de toda edificación. Los elementos estructurales de concreto armado, se caracterizan por ser resistentes a movimientos sísmicos. El concreto armado se usa en todo tipo de edificaciones, una de ellas son las infraestructuras educativ...
