This paper presents a static analysis of functionally graded single and sandwich beams by using an efficient 7DOFs quasi-3D hybrid type theory. The governing equations are derived by employing the principle of virtual works in a weak form and solved by means of the Finite Element Method (FEM). A C1 cubic Hermite interpolation is used for the vertical deflection variables while C0 linear interpolation is employed for the other kinematics variables. Convergence rates are studied in order to validate the finite element technique. Numerical results of the present formulation are compared with analytical and FEM solutions available in the literature.

This paper deals with stability of solution for a one-dimensional model of Rao–Nakra sandwich beam with Kelvin–Voigt damping and time delay given by 1ℎ1 − 1ℎ1 − (− + + ) − − ( ・ , − ) = 0, 3ℎ3 − 3ℎ3 + (− + + ) − = 0, ℎ + − (− + + ) − = 0. A sandwich beam is an engineering model that consists of three layers: two stiff outer layers, bottom and top faces, and a more compliant inner layer called “core layer”. Rao–Nakra system consists of three layers and the assumption is that there is no slip at the interface between contacts. The top and bottom layers are wave equations for the longitudinal displacements under Euler–Bernoulli beam assumptions. The core layer is one equation that describes the transverse displacement under Timoshenko beam assumptions. By using the semigroup theory, the well-posedness is given by applying the Lumer–Phillips ...

This paper presents a static analysis of functionally graded (FG) single and sandwich beams by using a simple and efficient 4-unknown quasi-3D hybrid type theory, which includes both shear deformation and thickness stretching effects. The governing equations and boundary conditions are derived by employing the principle of virtual works. Navier-type closed-form solution is obtained for several beams. New hybrid type shear strain shape functions for the inplane and transverse displacement were introduced in general manner to model the displacement field of beams. Numerical results of the present compact quasi-3D theory are compared with other quasi-3D higher order shear deformation theories (HSDTs).

El diseño estructural en sección compuesta ha tomado gran importancia a nivel ingenieril, gracias a las ventajas de usar diferentes materiales para crear un elemento con propiedades mejoradas. En relación a este gran avance, el campo de diseño se ha visto en la obligación de crear normas o reglamentos que tomen en cuenta el correcto funcionamiento de dicho sistema. Por ello, el diseño se debe regir en principios o filosofías que brinden la seguridad; uno de los principales principios es el estado límite de servicio, cuyo principio es asegurar el correcto desempeño estructural tanto la funcionabilidad como la seguridad. A través de los años, el comportamiento, en dicho estado, es asumido en rango elástico, ya que se diseña con la suposición de que los elementos trabajan elásticamente y en consecuencia sus respuestas estructurales también. Por tal motivo, las respuestas est...