Diagnóstico y evaluación físico - biológico para el compostaje de los lodos residuales de la industria papelera.

• Autores: Lostaunau Ardiles, Pedro Heli, Casanova Villanueva, Melissa Del Rocio
• Formato: tesis de grado
• Fecha de Publicación: 2013
• Institución: Universidad Nacional de Trujillo
• Repositorio: UNITRU-Tesis
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:dspace.unitru.edu.pe:20.500.14414/3459
• Enlace del recurso: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14414/3459
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Compostaje de los lodos residuales.

The paper industry, whose main ingredient is cellulose, represents one of the productive activities of great importance to the economies of the countries in South America, due to the large number of forest resources present in this part of the continent; Brazil and Chile being the largest producers of pulp and paper in the region. Manufacture or paper production results in two products: the first is paper, which is the commercial product; and the other are sewage sludge, which is a waste product. Waste paper sludge are generated in the intermediate stages of papermaking and before being referred to containers for disposal are subject to recovery processes of water and chemicals used in this part of the process, and then reinsert the production process. With these processes achieves a great saving of water and a large reduction of toxic elements in semi-solid effluents generated. Due to the high content of organic matter (cellulose fibers) having this residue; came the question that the present investigation began: what to do with this waste ?; to answer this question it was hypothesized that these residual sludge generated by the paper industry are biodegradable and can be used in the production of organic fertilizer by composting technique; therefore the main objective of this research is the evaluation of physical and biological parameters of the composting process of waste sludge generated by the paper industry. The analysis results of characterization of these sludges show us that these muds contain a percentage of organic matter quite high (51%), high C / N (72.32), low salinity (0.759 mS / cm), and a slightly alkaline pH (7.5); whereas the results of the analysis of potentially toxic elements made thereto, indicate that there is no risk toxicity of this material and that the values obtained are within the maximum permissible limits of international law. The C / N ratios reported in all assessed batteries; They are within optimal values indicated by the quality standards for compost. This indicates that the volumetric proportions of inputs used in the assembly, was correct. The temporal variation of the temperature during the composting process has shown that in all batteries tested thermogenic has achieved phase (> 50 ° C). All composting system must reach temperatures between 50 ° and 70 ° C, the 1st ensuring the elimination of pathogens and disinfection of natural materials (manures) Physico-chemical parameters evaluated for the compost obtained from: da (0.475 g / cm3),% Hd, (42.66%), E.P.T. (78.56%), aeration capacity (39.08%), volume of water (39.48%) and volume (29.40%) contraction; following the methodology described by De Boodt (1974) and Martinez (1992) and NPK values (<6%); They indicate that this compost has good conditions to be considered as substrate farming. Finally, the results of microbiological analysis reported the absence of pathogens, such as fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli and Salmonella in all samples of compost; thus complying with international standards of quality compost.