Asociación entre la exposición a contaminación ambiental por PM2.5 y sobrepeso/obesidad infantil en niños de 6 a 59 meses en las provincias de Lima y Callao

• Autor: Paz Aparicio, Valeria Marcela
• Formato: tesis de maestría
• Fecha de Publicación: 2020
• Institución: Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia
• Repositorio: UPCH-Institucional
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.upch.edu.pe:20.500.12866/8921
• Enlace del recurso: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12866/8921
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Obesidad; Sobrepeso; PM2.5; Contaminación del aire; Salud infantil; https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.05

There is evidence that PM2.5 can behave as an obesogenic agent increasing physiological and behavioral markers to develop overweight and obesity. Lima is one of the most polluted cities in South America, however, the relationship of PM2.5 concentrations with both conditions has not yet been studied. The objective of this study was to determine this association in children aged 6 to 59 months from the calculation of the weight-for-height z-score values. Database of the modeling of PM2.5 in Lima and Callao and number of cases of overweight and obesity specified through SIEN were used. This research is a time-series study in which it has been calculated a mobile media for a 6 months exposure window. Negative Binomial regression to assess the association between cases and PM2.5 of the diagnosis day and for a 6-month exposure window were performed. The probability of developing overweight/obesity in children aged 6 to 59 months increases with the duration of the PM2.5 exposure and is higher as quartiles of exposure increase. Furthermore, it was observed that this exposure is associated with an acceleration of the "Adiposity Rebound" when we evaluated by age in children whom are exposed to concentrations above those established by OMS and MINAM, the effect that promotes the development of overweight and obesity earlier. In conclusion, there is an association between PM2.5 exposure and childhood overweight and obesity in children aged 6 to 59 months in Lima and Callao regions. Prolonged exposure to PM2.5 above WHO and MINAM limits is associated with an acceleration of "Adiposity rebound" in evaluated children.