Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests

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Biodiversity surveys among contrasting sites get normal, and lognormal distributed data used for quantifying how Climate Change affects forests around the world. Yet most biologists are familiarized with the normal distribution, while few discuss why the lognormal distribution of relative frequencie...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Garrido-Pérez, Edgardo I., González, Laura, Cabrera, Jairo, Rojas-Salvatierra, Jamil, Arias-Pizarro, María I., Tello, Mathew
Formato: artículo
Fecha de Publicación:2018
Institución:Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Repositorio:Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
Lenguaje:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.csi.unmsm:article/14690
Enlace del recurso:https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690
Nivel de acceso:acceso abierto
Materia:Abundancias relativas
Inventarios de biodiversidad
Muestreo aleatorio
Navaja de Ockham
Teorema del límite central.
Biodiversity surveys
Central limit theorem
Random sampling
Relative abundances.
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
Normal y lognormal: dos distribuciones de frecuencias y una Teoría Neutral Unificada para estudiar los bosques tropicales
title Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
spellingShingle Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
Garrido-Pérez, Edgardo I.
Abundancias relativas
Inventarios de biodiversidad
Muestreo aleatorio
Navaja de Ockham
Teorema del límite central.
Biodiversity surveys
Central limit theorem
Random sampling
Relative abundances.
title_short Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
title_full Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
title_fullStr Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
title_full_unstemmed Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
title_sort Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forests
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Garrido-Pérez, Edgardo I.
González, Laura
Cabrera, Jairo
Rojas-Salvatierra, Jamil
Arias-Pizarro, María I.
Tello, Mathew
author Garrido-Pérez, Edgardo I.
author_facet Garrido-Pérez, Edgardo I.
González, Laura
Cabrera, Jairo
Rojas-Salvatierra, Jamil
Arias-Pizarro, María I.
Tello, Mathew
author_role author
author2 González, Laura
Cabrera, Jairo
Rojas-Salvatierra, Jamil
Arias-Pizarro, María I.
Tello, Mathew
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Abundancias relativas
Inventarios de biodiversidad
Muestreo aleatorio
Navaja de Ockham
Teorema del límite central.
Biodiversity surveys
Central limit theorem
Random sampling
Relative abundances.
topic Abundancias relativas
Inventarios de biodiversidad
Muestreo aleatorio
Navaja de Ockham
Teorema del límite central.
Biodiversity surveys
Central limit theorem
Random sampling
Relative abundances.
description Biodiversity surveys among contrasting sites get normal, and lognormal distributed data used for quantifying how Climate Change affects forests around the world. Yet most biologists are familiarized with the normal distribution, while few discuss why the lognormal distribution of relative frequencies of species is so common in many communities of living beings. We aim to add more researchers into such a discussion. Both normal and lognormal have mean and extreme values –which is consistent with the Central Limit Theorem. Such a theorem is valid when the data come from random processes, and when the sampling excercise of collecting the data has been stocastic and representative. According to Steve Hubbell’s Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, random birth, death, migration and speciation in a community –and from the surrounding metacomunity are enough for generating lognormal distributions of relative frequencies of co-existing species. That is consistent with Island Biogography, and is applicable to the assembly of relative abundances of tree species during secondary succession, where the clear-cut site is an island further colonized by tree species. Deep into the sophisticated 21st century, simple numerical knowledge like the normal and lognormal are still needed for moving the borders of science by facing permanent subjects: why in so many places some species are more abundant than others, and how to tackle the loss of endangered species.
publishDate 2018
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2018-05-31
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690
10.15381/rpb.v25i2.14690
url https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690
identifier_str_mv 10.15381/rpb.v25i2.14690
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690/12891
https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690/13797
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Revista Peruana de Biología; Vol. 25 Núm. 2 (2018); 179-188
Revista Peruana de Biología; Vol. 25 No. 2 (2018); 179-188
1727-9933
1561-0837
reponame:Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
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instname_str Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
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spelling Normal, and lognormal: two frequency distributions, and one Unified Neutral Theory for studying Tropical forestsNormal y lognormal: dos distribuciones de frecuencias y una Teoría Neutral Unificada para estudiar los bosques tropicalesGarrido-Pérez, Edgardo I.González, LauraCabrera, JairoRojas-Salvatierra, JamilArias-Pizarro, María I.Tello, MathewAbundancias relativasInventarios de biodiversidadMuestreo aleatorioNavaja de OckhamTeorema del límite central.Biodiversity surveysCentral limit theoremRandom samplingRelative abundances.Biodiversity surveys among contrasting sites get normal, and lognormal distributed data used for quantifying how Climate Change affects forests around the world. Yet most biologists are familiarized with the normal distribution, while few discuss why the lognormal distribution of relative frequencies of species is so common in many communities of living beings. We aim to add more researchers into such a discussion. Both normal and lognormal have mean and extreme values –which is consistent with the Central Limit Theorem. Such a theorem is valid when the data come from random processes, and when the sampling excercise of collecting the data has been stocastic and representative. According to Steve Hubbell’s Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, random birth, death, migration and speciation in a community –and from the surrounding metacomunity are enough for generating lognormal distributions of relative frequencies of co-existing species. That is consistent with Island Biogography, and is applicable to the assembly of relative abundances of tree species during secondary succession, where the clear-cut site is an island further colonized by tree species. Deep into the sophisticated 21st century, simple numerical knowledge like the normal and lognormal are still needed for moving the borders of science by facing permanent subjects: why in so many places some species are more abundant than others, and how to tackle the loss of endangered species.Los inventarios de biodiversidad en sitios contrastantes obtienen datos con distribuciones normales y lognormales, útiles para cuantificar cómo el cambio climático afecta a los bosques del mundo. Sin embargo, casi todos los biólogos están familiarizados con la normal, pero menos discuten el por qué la distribución lognormal de frecuencias relativas de especies ocurre en tantas comunidades bióticas. Pretendemos incorporar a más estudiosos a dicha discusión. Tanto la normal como la lognormal tienen medias y valores extremos. Ello es consistente con el teorema del límite central; válido cuando los datos de un muestreo provienen de procesos aleatorios y el muestreo ha sido estocástico y representativo. Según la Teoría Neutral Unificada de la Biodiversidad y la Biogeografía de Steve Hubbell, basta considerar que la natalidad, mortalidad, migraciones y especiación en una comunidad, y desde la metacomunidad circundante, ocurren al azar y simétricamente entre especies, para explicar que las frecuencias relativas de la comunidad sigan una distribución lognormal. Ello es consistente con la Biogeografía de Islas, y se puede aplicar –por tanto a la articulación de abundancias relativas de especies arbóreas en bosques que se regeneran por sucesión secundaria, donde el sitio talado constituye una isla que luego es colonizada. En el sofisticado siglo XXI, conocimientos numéricos tan simples, como la normal y la lognormal, siguen siendo necesarios para mover las fronteras de la ciencia afrontando temas permanentes: por qué en tantos lugares hay especies más abundantes que otras, y cómo se puede contrarrestar la pérdida de las especies en dificultad.Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas2018-05-31info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdftext/htmlhttps://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/1469010.15381/rpb.v25i2.14690Revista Peruana de Biología; Vol. 25 Núm. 2 (2018); 179-188Revista Peruana de Biología; Vol. 25 No. 2 (2018); 179-1881727-99331561-0837reponame:Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcosinstname:Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcosinstacron:UNMSMspahttps://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690/12891https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/rpb/article/view/14690/13797Derechos de autor 2018 Edgardo I. Garrido-Pérez, Laura González, Jairo Cabrera, Jamil Rojas-Salvatierra, María I. Arias-Pizarro, Mathew Tellohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ojs.csi.unmsm:article/146902018-06-23T13:33:28Z
score 13.887938
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