Impacto potencial de la fortificación de alimentos a gran escala en la reducción de la anemia infantil en Perú: una estimación basada en una revisión de revisiones sistemáticas

• Autor: Velásquez, Anibal
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe:article/29375
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistasinvestigacion.unmsm.edu.pe/index.php/anales/article/view/29375
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Anemia; Child; Preschool; Food; Fortified; Umbrella Review; Peru; Infante; Alimentos Fortificados; Revisión Paraguas; Perú

Childhood anemia affects 43% of children under three years old in Peru, primarily due to insufficient iron intake. The World Health Organization recommends fortifying commonly consumed foods with micronutrients as an effective strategy to combat this deficiency. This article assesses the potential impact of large-scale food fortification on reducing childhood anemia in Peru by selecting systematic reviews with high methodological quality and low or higher certainty of evidence. To estimate its impact on children under three years old, the population attributable fraction was applied using effect measures from meta-analyses included in the selected reviews. The results suggest that food fortification could reduce childhood anemia by 7 to 16 percentage points, with rice fortification proving to be an effective strategy, achieving a reduction of 10 percentage points.