Occurrence and distribution of zoonotic nematodes in fishes from Brazil: a systematic review

• Autores: de Souza Neto, Ademar Guimarães, Batista Sales, Adais, Alves Silva, Ronaldo, Melo, Henrique Paulo, Carvalho, Clarice Maia, Rocha Virgilio, Lucena
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs2.revistas.unfv.edu.pe:article/2048
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistas.unfv.edu.pe/NH/article/view/2048
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Anisakis; Contracaecum; Eustrongylides; Gnathostoma; Pseudoterranova; Parásitos; Parasitas

Nematodes are parasites widely distributed in aquatic environments and are among the helminths of greatest relevance to global public health. Among the species that affect fish, some exhibit zoonotic potential, that is, they are capable of infecting humans. In parasitized individuals, infections may manifest in different clinical forms, including larval penetration of the gastric or intestinal mucosa, leading to inflammatory processes and, in some cases, gastrointestinal complications. In this context, the present study aimed to conduct a systematic review on the occurrence and distribution of zoonotic nematodes in fish in Brazil, with emphasis on identifying the species involved and their main hosts. Articles published between 2000 and 2025, written in Portuguese and English, and restricted to the Brazilian territory were included. A total of 63 articles were selected, allowing a comprehensive survey of zoonotic nematode species reported in different regions of the country. Among the genera identified, Contracaecumsp.1 exhibited the broadest geographical distribution, with records in 17 Brazilian states. Acre (AC) stood out as the state with the highest number of reported hosts, highlighting the importance of this region for understanding the diversity and ecology of these parasites. These findings corroborate previous research, which point to the high ecological plasticity of the genus and its ability to infect a wide variety of fish species, particularly in freshwater ecosystems.