Metachronous gastric adenocarcinoma following gastric lymphoma treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy

• Autores: Barreda Bolaños, Fernando, Medrano Palma, Enaida, Barreda Velit, Claudia, Quispe Cordova, Rita, Bravo Taxa, Mercedes del Pilar
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Universidad de San Martín de Porres
• Repositorio: Horizonte médico
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:horizontemedico.usmp.edu.pe:article/3321
• Enlace del recurso: https://www.horizontemedico.usmp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontemed/article/view/3321
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Lymphoma; Adenocarcinoma; Stomach Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Linfoma; Neoplasias Gástricas; Neoplasias Primarias Secundarias

Gastric cancer ranks fifth in both incidence and mortality worldwide, according to the report fromthe Global Cancer Observatory (Globocan) as of 2022 (1). When discussing the global gastric cancerreport, it is assumed that it refers to adenocarcinoma. However, it should be pointed out that themost frequent histological types of gastric cancer are adenocarcinoma and lymphoma, the formerbeing the most frequent on average, accounting for over 95 % of all gastric neoplasms (2). In Peru, theLima Metropolitan Cancer Registry ranked gastric cancer as the third most frequent and the leadingcause of mortality for both sexes (3). On the other hand, the synchronous or metachronous diagnosisof these types of gastric cancer, such as adenocarcinoma and lymphoma, is rare. Metachronouscancer, or second primary cancer, is defined as a new tumor that occurs more than six months afterthe diagnosis of the first neoplasm, but is not caused by the dissemination or recurrence of theprevious tumor (4). For these reasons, and pertinently, we present the case report of a 57-year-oldfemale patient diagnosed with primary gastric lymphoma, treated with a combination of radiationtherapy and chemotherapy with curative intent. Thirteen years later, at the age of 70, she wasdiagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma during a follow-up endoscopy, which was managed surgically.The case is detailed below, along with a review of the relevant literature.