Forensic comparison of voices: a preliminary study on the differences between a natural voice and an artificial voice for judicial investigation

• Autores: Jimenez Peña, Jhon, Torres Castillo, Fernando Aarón, Cueva Sanchez, Oscar Esaul
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2024
• Institución: Corte Suprema de Justicia de la República del Perú
• Repositorio: Revistas - Corte Suprema de Justicia de la República del Perú
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:revistas.pj.gob.pe:article/881
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistas.pj.gob.pe/revista/index.php/ropj/article/view/881
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: phonetic analysis; artificial voice; text to speech converter; forensic linguistics; criminalistics; análisis fonético; voz artificial; convertidor de texto en habla; lingüística forense; criminalística; análise fonética; conversor de texto para fala; linguística forense

This study presents an approach to the phonetic similarities and differences between a natural voice and an artificial voice, which is why it seeks to: (a) provide an analysis that serves as a precedent for judicial cases of voice cloning by artificial intelligence (AI) and (b) expose the importance of linguistics as a source of scientific evidence for the judicial system. Thus, the voice of the Argentine narrator Mariano Closs and his artificial counterpart created in FakeYou (text-to-speech converter) have been analyzed using the combined method that integrates the use of automatic voice analysis programs (Forensia and SIS II) and the phonetic analysis. The automatic programs showed results of high convergence between the natural voice and the artificial voice. However, in the phonetic analysis, differences were observed in the production of certain sounds, in intonation, and there were phonetic processes present in a sample. Thus, despite the similarity of the samples on the biometric level, the artificial voice of the narrator Mariano Closs is still not completely similar to his natural counterpart on the phonetic level.