¿Por qué hay pocas mujeres científicas? Una revisión de literatura sobre la brecha de género en carreras STEM

• Autores: Morales Inga, Sergio, Morales Tristán, Oswaldo
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2020
• Institución: Universidad ESAN
• Repositorio: ESAN-Institucional
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.esan.edu.pe:20.500.12640/2501
• Enlace del recurso: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12640/2501; https://doi.org/10.7263/adresic-022-06
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Bias; Discrimination; Feminine; Gender equity; Sexism; Woman; Sesgo; Discriminación; Femenino; Equidad de género; Sexismo; Mujer; https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#5.04.05

Reach of the review: This essay conducts a review of the gender gap in STEM careers (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and analyzes its main studies. Period of the publications reviewed: The studies considered cover from 2005 to 2019. Origin and types of documents reviewed: Most of the literature consists of articles published in international indexed journals of sociology, psychology, gender and education. Author’s contribution on the publications analyzed: The authors propose a typification that organizes studies on the gender gap in STEM careers according to the three types of expla- nation they provide: a) psychological explanation: which emphasizes the individual’s instance and explains the gap in terms of self-concept, self-confidence and self-efficacy, beliefs and perceptions, and differences in interests and preferences: b) sociocultural explanation: which emphasizes the importance of culture and explains the gap due to parental influence and socialization, discrimination and biases, stereotypes and gender roles: and, c) biological explanation: which emphasizes the features of anatomical sex and explains the gap due to its impact on gender differences. Conclusions on the lines of research studied: This essay concludes that the proposed typifi- cation of the studies in question allows us to understand their theoretical frameworks, central analysis instances, core concepts and main findings.