ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the prevalence of fetal macrosomia and its risk factors, and to describe complications in newborns. Materials and methods: Observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study carried out based on the information registered in the perinatal computer system of Hospital Vitarte. Single births, at term, attended between the months of January 2010 and December 2014 were included and newborns were excluded. For the univariate and bivariate statistical analysis, X 2 and Student's t were used for p < 0.05 and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression for odds ratio with 95% CI; the SPSS 23 program was used. Results: The study sample was 16,060 newborns and the prevalence of fetal macrosomia was 8.1% (1298 of 16,060) with 95%CI of 8,075-8,086%. The risk factors identified for fetal macrosomia were: obesity (OR: 2,762; CI95%: 2,370- 3,220), post-term (OR: ...