Financial participation is one of the main components that explain poverty. Heimann Strategic Map allows a first crosscutting assessment of this problem. In Peru there is a financial system which is very solid, well supervised, capitalized, and liquid, but a systematic plan is required to allow gradually reduce financial exclusion, since interventions carried out by different involved financial institutions are due to institutional views. These do not meet real demand requirements and are not organized. In addition to this, in order to make the plan sustainable, it is necessary to incorporate strategies and activities both from supply and demand. Peru has different institutions with certain experience and willingness and it is required an call and an action plan led by the Government.

La inclusión financiera es uno de los elementos centrales que explican la pobreza. El Mapa Estratégico de Heimann permite obtener un primer diagnóstico transversal de la problemática. En el caso peruano se cuenta con un sistema financiero : bastante sólido, bien supervisado, capitalizado, y líquido, pero se requiere de un plan sistémico que permita reducir gradualmente la exclusión financiera, en razón de que la intervención que realizan los diferentes intermediarios financieros e instituciones involucradas obedecen a enfoques institucionales , no atienden los requerimientos reales de la demanda y no está están articulados. Adicionalmente para que el plan sea sostenible se requiere incorporar estrategias y actividades tanto por el lado de la oferta como de la demanda. El Perú cuenta con instituciones que cuentan con determinada experiencia y con voluntad , se requiere de una...

The best contribution academically can provide financial events that contributed to the development of international finance is to study them in depth so that their treatments and outcomes allow experts and stakeholders to have a better understanding of its evolution , characteristics and importance . The International Securities Secondary Market of External Debt (MSDE) is typified as a very unique market, defining it as a bilateral trading market with special features, which has had a crucial role. Although its contribution was marginal compared to the total amount of debt then 59 billion dollars were converted versus 600 billion dollars in debt, thanks to this market. First, they constitute new financial arrangements that under the market mechanism, allowed to alleviate or partially solve the plight of the financial statements of its principal and secondary actors, allowed to clarify a...

Perú has had an acceptable economic growth in relation to other Latin American countries in the last 10 years. Even though people's income inequality has been reduced in the 2007-2017 period, it is interesting to analyze the effect of educational policies on income inequality in the regions of: Pasco, Junín and Huánuco, classified regions among those with the lowest personal income in Perú.In the last 10 years, the government has been perfecting the mechanisms for access to public education and improving its public policies, providing a larger budget in order to achieve an increase in educational accessibility.The objective of this study is to carry out an analysis of the effect on income inequality, measured by the Gini coefficient, of a set of representative explanatory variables of educational policies through a proposed panel data econometric model, after a review of specialized ...

The best contribution academically can provide financial events that contributed to the development of international finance is to study them in depth so that their treatments and outcomes allow experts and stakeholders to have a better understanding of its evolution , characteristics and importance . The International Securities Secondary Market of External Debt (MSDE) is typified as a very unique market, defining it as a bilateral trading market with special features, which has had a crucial role. Although its contribution was marginal compared to the total amount of debt then 59 billion dollars were converted versus 600 billion dollars in debt, thanks to this market. First, they constitute new financial arrangements that under the market mechanism, allowed to alleviate or partially solve the plight of the financial statements of its principal and secondary actors, allowed to clarify a...

El objetivo general de la investigación es determinar si es representativo el uso de las teorías de creación de valor y de la jerarquización financiera de la estructura de capital en la gestión financiera de las empresas industriales y mineras enlistadas en la bolsa de valores de Lima, mediante la contrastación empírica de los modelos de los autores López - Lubián (2000), Fernández P. (2004) y, Fernández y Rojas Conde (2004 ). Para ello se consideró una muestra de 13 empresas: 8 industriales y 5 mineras . La Hipótesis General planteada señala que para el caso peruano no es representativo el uso de las teorías mencionadas, la hipótesis ha sido comprobada .Los resultados encontrados son los siguientes: de las 13 empresas evaluadas se ha encontrado que ninguna empresa industrial o minera cumple plenamente las pruebas de los postulados de la teoría de creación de valor. Las...

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to examine the differences in the impact of financial stress in advanced and emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach: The authors employ a panel vector autoregression model (PVAR) for a comparative analysis of the relationship between financial stress, economic growth and monetary stability in 14 advanced and emerging economies. A homogeneous measure of financial stress is constructed and measured as an index that provides signals of stress episodes in an economy. Findings: The impact of financial stress shocks is greater on the economic growth of advanced economies; likewise, financial stress shocks are significant only in advanced economies. The interbank interest rate is negatively affected by financial stress in emerging economies. In general, the results show a clear view of the importance of financial stability and the economic relevance...

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to examine the differences in the impact of financial stress in advanced and emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach: The authors employ a panel vector autoregression model (PVAR) for a comparative analysis of the relationship between financial stress, economic growth and monetary stability in 14 advanced and emerging economies. A homogeneous measure of financial stress is constructed and measured as an index that provides signals of stress episodes in an economy. Findings: The impact of financial stress shocks is greater on the economic growth of advanced economies; likewise, financial stress shocks are significant only in advanced economies. The interbank interest rate is negatively affected by financial stress in emerging economies. In general, the results show a clear view of the importance of financial stability and the economic relevance...

In the last 10 years in Peru, government administrations have shown a special interest in reducing income inequality through different policies, including education. The objective of this article is to evaluate the incidence of this policy through education spending. The hypothesis of the article is that educational spending and the educational Gini coefficient have had a positive impact on the reduction of income inequality in Peru. The research design is non-experimental, longitudinal trend. The study period was 1998-2017. Having passed the statistical and econometric tests, the conclusions reached were that the econometric model used has an interesting level of explanation, it was significant, the explanatory variables: human capital, public educational expenditure, unemployment, balance of payments, population, value added in services had a positive influence in income distribution.

Introduction. Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is currently a public health problem in Peru, and its treatment tends to be very expensive for the health system. Goal. Establish the patterns of care costs of the EIC in the National Cardiovascular Institute (INCOR) of the Social Security in Health of Peru (EsSalud). Methods. The databases of care, surgeries, discharges and gross value of INCOR production of the population diagnosed and treated with IHD in 2019 (879 patients) were used. Costs of care were estimated using activity-based costing; an econometric model was used to establish the determinants of costs, and with the Euclidean distance method, “clusters” with similar characteristics were formed to establish cost patterns. Results. The highest cost of EIC care was 148 567 soles (US$ 44 830) for a patient with a 40-day stay. The main determinants of the cost of care were the hospital...