This paper presents a macroeconomic model that replicates the key stylized facts of the Peruvian economy, namely the strong dependence of private investment and GDP on mineral export prices, within a framework where the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) operates under a dirty float regime and the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) follows fiscal rules that endogenize public spending. The model is designed for undergraduate students and instructors of economics and builds on the work of Dancourt (2009), Dancourt Mendoza (2016), and Mendoza (2019).

This paper presents a macroeconomic model that replicates the key stylized facts of the Peruvian economy, namely the strong dependence of private investment and GDP on mineral export prices, within a framework where the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) operates under a dirty float regime and the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) follows fiscal rules that endogenize public spending. The model is designed for undergraduate students and instructors of economics and builds on the work of Dancourt (2009), Dancourt & Mendoza (2016), and Mendoza (2019).

This paper presents a macroeconomic model that replicates the key stylized facts of the Peruvian economy, namely the strong dependence of private investment and GDP on mineral export prices, within a framework where the Central Reserve Bank of Peru (BCRP) operates under a dirty float regime and the Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) follows fiscal rules that endogenize public spending. The model is designed for undergraduate students and instructors of economics and builds on the work of Dancourt (2009), Dancourt & Mendoza (2016), and Mendoza (2019).

This paper presents a macro-fiscal model for examining the public sector primary surplus and the dynamics and sustainability of public debt in closed and open economies. The model simulates how changes in the primary surplus affect public debt, highlighting key differences between these economic contexts. Notably, open economies can finance fiscal deficits with foreign currency-denominated debt, introducing additional sources of instability in public debt dynamics. The analysis demonstrates how a permanent reduction in the primary surplus undermines public debt sustainability, with outcomes shaped by economic conditions and the features of open and closed economies. Furthermore, it confirms that delays in implementing fiscal adjustments following a destabilizing shock result in increasingly severe corrective measures over time.