A.M.M. attended a 3-month training course through the CRESIB-UPCH collaborative agreement; training was partially funded by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Tecnologica (CONCYTEC, FONDECYT) in Peru. This work was partially funded by the Agencia Espanola de Cooperacion Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID), Spain, Programa de Cooperacion Interuniversitaria e Investigacion Cientifica con Iberoamerica (D/019499/08, D/024648/09, D/030509/10, and A1/035720/11); Departament d'Universitats, Recerca i Societat de la Informacio de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain 2009SGR685 (J.R.) and 2009SGR385 (J.G. and E. A.); and National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service award 1K01TW007405 (T.J.O.); J.R. has a fellowship from program I3 of the ISCIII (grant no. CES11/012)

Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of great importance due to the frequency of strains becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. This review, using a public health focused approach, aimed to understand and describe the current status of AMR in Morocco in relation to WHO priority pathogens and treatment guidelines.

Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is the top-ranked pathogen in the World Health Organization priority list of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. It emerged as a global pathogen due to the successful expansion of a few epidemic lineages, or international clones (ICs), producing acquired class D carbapenemases (OXA-type). During the past decade, however, reports regarding IC-I isolates in Latin America are scarce and are non-existent for IC-II and IC-III isolates. This study evaluates the molecular mechanisms of carbapenem resistance and the epidemiology of 80 non-duplicate clinical samples of A. baumannii collected from February 2014 through April 2016 at two tertiary care hospitals in Lima. Almost all isolates were carbapenem-resistant (97.5%), and susceptibility only remained high for colistin (95%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed two main clusters spread between both h...

Escherichia coli ST131 has emerged as a globally disseminated multi-drug resistant clone associated with extra-intestinal infections acquired in the community or hospital. In Manhiça district, E. coli is among the top five leading bloodstream pathogens in children. We characterized E. coli strains causing bacteremia in young children in a rural hospital of Mozambique, providing novel information on the occurrence of a new subclone of ST131 harboring both ExPEC and EAEC related genes and belonging to commonly reported O25:H4 and other serotypes. These data suggest the need for further understanding of pathogenesis and clinical impact of this new entity to inform prompt recognition and appropriate treatment.