Introduction: Malaria is one of the most important parasitic diseases in humans, and children are the vulnerable group with the highest risk of complications and death. Objective: To analyze the magnitude of the incidence of malaria in children and its relationship with some demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, descriptive, ecological study, analyzing secondary sources; district and national analysis units, study period 2010-2023. Results: In Peru, in the period 2010-2023, 219,126 cases of malaria in children were reported, representing 41.64% of the national total and an average annual incidence rate (AAR) of 12.07 cases/1000 children. The TIAM in <5 years was 12.40 cases/1000, the highest TIAM between 2010-2019 and the lowest between 2020-2021, Loreto reported 89.62% of cases with the highest TIAM (49.19 cases/1000) in this group. P....