This work was supported by the Fulbright Scholar Program, the Cornell Graduate School, the Department of Natural Resources, the Cornell Lab of Ornithology Athena Fund 2014 and 2015, the E. Alexander Bergstrom Memorial Research Award (2015) from the Association of Field Ornithologists and Cienciactiva, an initiative of Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica (CONCYTEC), Contrat No. 237-2015-FONDECYT. There was no additional external funding received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

This work was supported by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnolog?a e Innovaci?n Tecnol?gica (PE) [015-2019- FONDECYT-BM]; FONDECYT-CONCYTEC [N? 237-2015-FONDECYT].

The Ash-breasted Tit-tyrant, Anairetes alpinus (Carriker, 1933) (Aves, Tyrannidae), is an endangered and highly specialized bird that inhabits the Polylepis forests (Rosaceae) of Peru and Bolivia. Here, we report 2 new localities in the department of Junín, central Peru, where it was detected in forests dominated by Polylepis canoi, P. rodolfo-vasquezii, and a third undescribed Polylepis species. We conclude that a residential population is the more likely possibility although the possibility of dispersal individuals should also be considered. © Quispe-Melgar et al.

Polylepis forests are threatened high Andean ecosystems that harbour unique species of flora and fauna. However, there is little information on the avifauna associated with these forests in the Central Andes of Peru. We evaluated 12 bird communities in the Junín, Lima and Huancavelica departments of Peru and recorded richness-abundance data that were used to perform an analysis of ?- and ?-diversity using Hill numbers. In addition, we built two species matrices (presence-absence data) for three previously identified key bird conservation areas and our study area, first with the species that regularly inhabit the Polylepis forests and second with the species of conservation interest. We found that the Polylepis forests of the Central Andes of Peru have a high diversity of birds. Some of these birds have a strong affinity for Polylepis forests, and another group is typical of the tree lin...