On the riverbed of Mantaro river, precisely, on the area between La Oroya and 40 km, exist a communication between the cities of lima and Huancayo, where are located: many bridges, the central highway, several hydraulics structures for agricultural use, settlements urban town - La Oroya mining and La Oroya city. All of them exposed to flooding problems caused by maximum flood flows generated in the middle and upper basin of the Mantaro river. In this research we have determined the maximum flood in this area in order to provide security of the entire road infrastructure and existing waterworks. This calculation is very important to prevent the undermining of the design of hydraulic works, infrastructure located at the edge of the river, strengthening of the pillars of bridges, strengthening barrage of intakes, dams and gabions of the same.The results had In this research we have obtained...

This research was made in the hydraulic system of the Hydropower Plant Machupicchu, which has water reserves stored in Sibinacocha lake with a maximum capacity up to 100 million cubic meters. The power plant Mahupicchu was buried in February 1998 by slipping the Ahobamba streams, initiates a first stage of recovery in 2001 achieving sustained generate up to 90 MW and guaranteed by the reserves of the Sibinacocha lake. In the second stage of rehabilitation, initiated in 2009, it aims to increase the generation of 90 MW to 180 MW requiring 61 m3 /s in times of ood and drought, which means requirements higher water volumes stored in Sibinacocha lake. The research simulates the operation of the lake for 47 years (1965 to 2011) considering the requirement of the first and second stage of rehabilitation. The simulation was done with the model Reservoir System Analysis (HEC-3). The simulation r...

In this investigation, the environmental impact was determined by the use of fuels derived from petroleum, coal and natural gas in the planning of the generation of energy of the National Interconnected Electrical System (SEIN) in the period 2016-2019. The amount of C, CH4, N2O, NOx, CO and NMCOV, emitted into the environment by the use of Diesel 2, Residual 500, Residual 6, Coal and Natural Gas fuels has been quantified. These emissions are depended of fuel type, thermoelectric power plant annual energy generation and other factors of emissions due to burning fuels in the Peru`s Electric Sector obtained for Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1996. The PERSEO model was used to obtain the optimization planning of the SEIN generation expansion in the period 2016-2019 and it is being used by the Supervisory Agency for Energy and Mining Investment (OSINERGMIN).

On the riverbed of Mantaro river, precisely, on the area between La Oroya and 40 km, exist a communication between the cities of lima and Huancayo, where are located: many bridges, the central highway, several hydraulics structures for agricultural use, settlements urban town - La Oroya mining and La Oroya city. All of them exposed to flooding problems caused by maximum flood flows generated in the middle and upper basin of the Mantaro river. In this research we have determined the maximum flood in this area in order to provide security of the entire road infrastructure and existing waterworks. This calculation is very important to prevent the undermining of the design of hydraulic works, infrastructure located at the edge of the river, strengthening of the pillars of bridges, strengthening barrage of intakes, dams and gabions of the same.The results had In this research we have obtained...

Since 2000, different cooperatives, mining enterprises and also some forms of informal clandestine exploitation have been performing heavy minery of gold in the high basin of Rio Grande, of the district of Ananea-Puno. The environmental impact comes from the residues or waste released from the mining activity, being the sediments the ones that cause it. Ways to solve this is impacts is through the construction of a dam to storage and hold these residues. In this sense, in order to design the dam and determine the volumes of sediments to be storaged, it was necessary to determine a series of monthly streamflow at the dam site axis. The high basin of Rio Grande doesn’t count with hydrometric o hydrographic stations, but precipitation occurred is measuring at Ananea´s climatology station. Because of this summary the present investigation uses precipitation - streamflow model to determine...

The objective of this work was to obtain vegetation indexes using the Landsat satellite images at the top of the atmosphere (TOA), the area of inuence of the Majes Authority Special Project (AUTODEMA), which covers the Pampas de Majes - Siguas, in Arequipa - Peru. From 1984 to 2018. For this purpose, the Cloud Engine cloud computing application was used in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) database, at the Petabyte (PB) scale. The tool called Climate Engine developed by researchers from the University of Idaho and Desert Research Institute - DRI was used. Allowing web processing satellite images of the Landsat Mission, extract values from the various bands, within a grid, to determine the Vegetation Indexes such as NDVI, NDWI, SAVI, GNDVI, obtaining a series of time within the study surface of the AUTODEMA and be able to estimate the amount and degree of development of the plant species plan...

The over-exploitation of our country’s coastal aquifer to supply water demand for domestic and agricultural use has caused in recent years an increasing problem of seawater intrusion into these aquifers. One way for diagnosis and solutions design to solve this problem came from the mathematical modelling of the transitional regime, which basically consist in the numerical solution of the dynamical equations of water flows in a aquifer by finite difference techniques. The area of application of the model developed was the Caplina aquifer in Tacna, Peru. The monthly calibration stage, the model achieved reproduce the behavior of the aquifer for the year 2000 with 95% of approximation, it means a 5% error between the historical piezometry and the piezometry obtained for the developed model. Considering the future growth of the developed model, which give a new position of the interface fr...

To determinate the wave climate in deep water o˙ the Peruvian coast, instrumental data from satellite and buoys was employed to calibrate wave reanalysis from NCEP for the period 1979 to 2017. Wave data was calibrated using an exponential model described by Minguez et al. (2011). The results shows correlation coe°cient values between 0.7 to 0.9, also BIAS and RMSE showed acceptable values, which indicate a good approximation between both information databases. We have obtained wave information in deep waters which can be used to analyze average an extremely wave regimes to study coastal processes, and study the in˛uence of El NIÑO and La NIÑA phenomenon in the study area. This calibrated wave time series reveals that the average conditions for wave height is around 2 m, with maximum heights over 4 m. De predominant direction is from Southest for the northern and center zones, and So...

Expansive soils have special properties and it is difficult to find resistance parameters; Angle of internal friction and cohesion by the Morh-Coulomb theory, therefore it is necessary to evaluate the elastic constants that allow us to calculate the settlement and the admissible load of these soils. The present investigation has as objectives to determine the elastic deformation and the elasticity modulus in expansive clays, taking three samples from San Ignacio - Cajamarca (M-1, M-2, M-3) and one from Pavayacu - Loreto (M-4). To determine these parameters, tests were carried out in the Soil Mechanics Laboratory of the UNALM, free expansion tests were carried out; and one-dimensional consolidation tests will be carried out on the expanded samples. For a specific charge, charge and discharge cycles will be carried out until a hysteresis is generated where the charge and discharge curves o...