Let us put our minds on the following social groups: some indigenous Aymara attending the judiciary, in which the judge and the other jurisprudents only speak Spanish; Quechua-speaking children who have to learn to read texts in Spanish, sent by the Ministry of Education from Lima; thousands of Andeans and Amazonians who have to suspend their work many days during the year -except Sundays-, well, the calendar marks a holiday for some «hero» -always military- some saint, or for the day of the Creole song.

Univocalpublicpoliciesandthesingle-universal citizenship that sponsors the nation-state – always made from a hegemonic culture – can not express the many cultural events and quasi- political identities of peoples and ethnocultural minorities (hence the social conflicts, those who are ready to accrue). Similarly ethnic fundamentalisms illiberal, it is possible that the nation-state with liberal democracy, covertly, hide some also fundamentalist overtones. This essay aims to reflect on the latter assumption and presents some outputs them away. Will Kymlicka Following the “plural State” may be an alternative to meet the multiplicity of existing societies facto deep diversity as Peru. The theory that it takes the name of liberal culturalism.