Las células escamosas atípicas que no pueden excluir una lesión intraepitelial escamosa de alto grado (ASC-H) forman parte del espectro de las lesiones precancerosas del cuello uterino, donde existe una alta probabilidad de evolucionar a una lesión de alto grado y posteriormente originar un cáncer cervicouterino, como está demostrado en las investigaciones mencionadas; siendo un problema de salud pública obstinado y persistente. La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la prevalencia de ASC-H en pacientes del Hospital Nacional Madre-Niño San Bartolomé durante el periodo 2019-2021. Para ello, se realizó una investigación de diseño no experimental, de enfoque cuantitativo y de alcance descriptivo con una población total de 98 822 pacientes tamizadas mediante la prueba de papanicolaou. De esta manera, el estudio encontró una prevalencia total de ASC-H del 0.27...

“Introducción: La infertilidad es una enfermedad multicausal y el componente genético representa uno de sus principales eventos. Si bien la distribución de la infertilidad puede variar entre poblaciones, las parejas de los países con bajos y medianos ingresos pueden verse más afectadas por la infertilidad, con una proporción de alteraciones citogenéticas aún no esclarecidas. Objetivo: Evaluar la frecuencia de alteraciones citogenéticas y su correlación con el número de abortos en pacientes peruanas con diagnóstico de infertilidad. Método: Se realizó un estudio de corte transversal en 400 pacientes de 18 a 60 años, de ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de infertilidad. Se registraron las características clínicas disponibles durante el examen genético y el análisis citogenético convencional fue con bandeo GTG en muestras de sangre periférica. El análisis de correlación ...

Realiza una crítica de la investigación de Inga-Berrospi y otros titulada "Funcionalidad familiar, habilidades sociales y estilos de vida en estudiantes durante la pandemia por la COVID-19", señalado problemas con la selección de participantes y el tipo de muestreo, además, anota una falta de complejidad necesaria en la presentación de los datos demográficos de los participantes.

“Context: Quality assurance in cervical cytology is based on the cyto-histological correlation that is performed in several countries even without standardized protocols. Aims: To evaluate the quality of the Pap smear with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP12-A2 guideline in a Peruvian hospital. Settings and design: This prospective study was carried out at tertiary care national hospital. Methods and material: The 156 cyto-histological results were collected and coded according to the Bethesda 2014 and FIGO system. The evaluation with the CLSI EP12-A2 guide allowed estimating the performance and quality of the test. Statistical analysis used: We performed a descriptive analysis of the cytological and histological data and correlation with the weight Kappa test. From the calculation of the likelihood ratios, the post-test probability was estimated using Bayes' th...

Context: Quality assurance in cervical cytology is based on the cyto-histological correlation that is performed in several countries even without standardized protocols. Aims: To evaluate the quality of the Pap smear with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) EP12-A2 guideline in a Peruvian hospital. Settings and Design: This prospective study was carried out at tertiary care national hospital. Methods and Material: The 156 cyto-histological results were collected and coded according to the Bethesda 2014 and FIGO system. The evaluation with the CLSI EP12-A2 guide allowed estimating the performance and quality of the test. Statistical Analysis Used: We performed a descriptive analysis of the cytological and histological data and correlation with the weight Kappa test. From the calculation of the likelihood ratios, the post-test probability was estimated using Bayes’ the...

“Abstract Background and Aims: Low‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are important in pregnant women because they are risk factors for Condyloma acuminatum and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in the newborn. On the other hand, HPV may contribute to the development of preneoplastic lesions such as LSIL in pregnant women. We aimed to assess the frequency of HPV infections in low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in Peruvian pregnant women. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted from 2011 to 2015 in 84 primiparous‐ and multiparous pregnant women (mean age: 27 ± 6.3 years). Pregnant women of 18–45 years attending gynecology outpatient department were included for the study. LSIL and HPV (nuclear irregularities, koilocytosis, and cytopathic effect) cellular alterations were reported using the Bethesda System guidelines. Results: Sixty‐four percent had cy...

“Abstract Background and Aims: Low‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are important in pregnant women because they are risk factors for Condyloma acuminatum and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in the newborn. On the other hand, HPV may contribute to the development of preneoplastic lesions such as LSIL in pregnant women. We aimed to assess the frequency of HPV infections in low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) in Peruvian pregnant women. Methods: A cross‐sectional study was conducted from 2011 to 2015 in 84 primiparous‐ and multiparous pregnant women (mean age: 27 ± 6.3 years). Pregnant women of 18–45 years attending gynecology outpatient department were included for the study. LSIL and HPV (nuclear irregularities, koilocytosis, and cytopathic effect) cellular alterations were reported using the Bethesda System guidelines. Results: Sixty‐four percent had cy...

“Objective: Autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies are associated with multiple risk factors that determine their frequency and their social and health impact. We aimed to determine the clinical, phenotypic, and demographic characteristics of Peruvian children and neonates with autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on 510 pediatric patients. We conducted a cytogenetic analysis with G-bands by trypsin using Giemsa (GTG) banding, and the results were reported using the International System for Cytogenetics Nomenclature 2013 system. Results: Of 399 children (mean age 2.1 ± 4 years), 84 (16.47%) had aneuploidies, with 86.90% being autosomal (73.81% trisomies). In autosomal aneuploidies, 67.85% (n=57) of the children had Down syndrome where the most common cause was free trisomy 21 (52 cases, 61.91%), followed by Rober...

“Introduction: Helicobacter pylori is one of the major infectious agents in low-income countries, and its clinical characteristics are unknown in many populations. Children are a susceptible population and can contract these pathogens through contaminated food and water. Objectives: To determine the presence of Helicobacter pylori in children under eight years of age of rural human settlements in Peru. Methods: This exploratory study was conducted with 25 child volunteers authorized by the parents for their evaluation, without precedent of any apparent clinical manifestation. Antigen detection of H. pylori in faeces by a rapid assay onsite H. pylori Ag. Rapid test according to the manufacturer’s requirements. Has been evaluated the social determinants related to possible infection. Results: The average age (2±1.8 years) of 14 girls was different from the average age (2.7±2.2 years)...

“Background: Cytological samples are cleared with xylene in two or three baths during a Pap test, however, this solvent has a high degree of toxicity, and being a controlled reagent infers high costs for its purchase and implications for environmental pollution. We estimated the impact of xylene during the Pap test in terms of the number of liters and cost of two baths of xylene, and also estimated the impact with three baths Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in four hospitals of EsSalud in Peru in two stages. First, the analysis of the impact due to the use of two baths of xylene was conducted during the period 2015–2019, and second, the estimates were calculated based on the assumption of three baths of xylene for the years 2020–2025. The assumption was based on the recommendations of the 2018 EsSalud cytology guideline. The monthly amount of xylene was ~10 lite...

“Objective: Autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies are associated with multiple risk factors that determine their frequency and their social and health impact. We aimed to determine the clinical, phenotypic, and demographic characteristics of Peruvian children and neonates with autosomal and sex chromosome aneuploidies. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted on 510 pediatric patients. We conducted a cytogenetic analysis with G-bands by trypsin using Giemsa (GTG) banding, and the results were reported using the International System for Cytogenetics Nomenclature 2013 system. Results: Of 399 children (mean age 2.1 ± 4 years), 84 (16.47%) had aneuploidies, with 86.90% being autosomal (73.81% trisomies). In autosomal aneuploidies, 67.85% (n=57) of the children had Down syndrome where the most common cause was free trisomy 21 (52 cases, 61.91%), followed by Rober...

Introduction: In light of the threat posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, most countries have implemented several containment and prevention measures to slow down the rapid spread of the disease.Objectives: To compare the COVID-19 pandemic containment strategies implemented in Peru [World Health Or-ganization (WHO) - confinement and social distancing] and the United Kingdom [herd immunity (HI)] in terms of morbidity and mortality, and to simulate the implementation of HI in Peru during the initial stage of the pandemic.Materials and methods: Exploratory study with a simulation model based on official data obtained from both countries at the beginning of the pandemic. Mortality, case fatality, and infection rates documented within the first 55 days after the first COVID-19 case report in the United Kingdom and the start of the WHO-recommended containment and prevention strategy implementation ...

“Introduction: The follow-up of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) allows us to understand their progression and regression, however squamous cell atypia (ASC) can generate confusing follow-up results. We aimed to describe the evolution of ASC and SIL during cyto-histopathological follow-up in a tertiary-care hospital. Materials and methods: we conducted a retrospective study during 2016 in 156 Papanicolaou test (PAP) results under three models: 1) with ≥1 PAP and biopsies, 2) 1 PAP followed by ≥1 biopsy, and 3) ≥1 PAP and a confirmatory biopsy. Progression was defined as ASCUS to low-grade SIL (LSIL) or higher, and LSIL to high-grade SIL (HSIL) or higher; and regression as HSIL to LSIL or lower; and LSIL to ASCUS or lower. Results: In PAP, 57 (36.5%) cases were ASC and in histopathology 56 (39.9%) cases of grade 1 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Twenty-nine (18.6%) resul...

Introduction: The follow-up of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) allows us to understand their progression and regression, however squamous cell atypia (ASC) can generate confusing follow-up results. We aimed to describe the evolution of ASC and SIL during cyto-histopathological follow-up in a tertiary-care hospital. Materials and methods: we conducted a retrospective study during 2016 in 156 Papanicolaou test (PAP) results under three models: 1) with ≥1 PAP and biopsies, 2) 1 PAP followed by ≥1 biopsy, and 3) ≥1 PAP and a confirmatory biopsy. Progression was defined as ASCUS to low-grade SIL (LSIL) or higher, and LSIL to high-grade SIL (HSIL) or higher; and regression as HSIL to LSIL or lower; and LSIL to ASCUS or lower. Results: In PAP, 57 (36.5%) cases were ASC and in histopathology 56 (39.9%) cases of grade 1 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Twenty-nine (18.6%) results ...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused a health crisis worldwide that ended up affecting the daily lives of university students. Considering prevention strategies for contagion and decreased physical activity, altered perceptions of body image were seen that may negatively disrupt their eating habits. Methods: Our cross-sectional survey-based study (N=180) had the objective to determine the association between body image perception and the risk of eating disorders in university students during the pandemic. We surveyed male and female university students aged 18-35 years using the Montero Anatomical Models questionnaire and the Eating Attitude Test-26 (EAT-26) as instruments. Results: Most of the university students were female (67.8%) with an average age of 22.8±3.9 years. 51.1% perceived themselves as overweight and 53.9% were at low risk of an eating disorder. This mainly affected ...

“Introducción: La tuberculosis es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en todo el mundo. Las medidas de prevención son clave para evitar su propagación y el contagio entre profesionales de salud. Objetivo: Determinar las actitudes del autocuidado sobre la tuberculosis en el personal de enfermería luego de un brote infeccioso hospitalario. Métodos: Estudio transversal, en personal de enfermería (n= 94; personal técnico n= 44; 46,8 %). Se incluyó al personal de enfermería voluntario > 18 años, de ambos sexos, que trabaje en el Departamento de Emergencia. Se usó el cuestionario de 15 ítems de Valle (2017), para estimar los conocimientos y actitudes sobre el autocuidado, 3 dimensiones: prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tuberculosis. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los participantes fue de 44,7 ± 8,8 años, el 88,3 % mujeres y el tiempo promedio de tr...

Los autores reflexionan acerca de las posibles alternaciones que el personal sanitario puede experimentar al tratar con pacientes en áreas de cuidado crítico por COVID-19.

Introducción: La tuberculosis es una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en todo el mundo. Las medidas de prevención son clave para evitar su propagación y el contagio entre profesionales de salud. Objetivo: Determinar las actitudes del autocuidado sobre la tuberculosis en el personal de enfermería luego de un brote infeccioso hospitalario. Métodos: Estudio transversal, en personal de enfermería (n=94; personal técnico n=44; 46,8%). Se incluyó al personal de enfermería voluntario >18 años, de ambos sexos, que trabaje en el Departamento de Emergencia. Se usó el cuestionario de 15 ítems de Valle (2017), para estimar los conocimientos y actitudes sobre el autocuidado, 3 dimensiones: prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la tuberculosis. Resultados: El promedio de edad de los participantes fue de 44,7±8,8 años, el 88,3% mujeres y el tiempo promedio de trabajo fue ...

Background: Adverse events (AE) are unintentional injuries or harm that occur during medical care. These represent a public health problem, and they are one of the main causes of death in the world. Objective: The objective of the study was to determine AEs derived from nursing care in hospitalized patients, as well as to estimate their frequency according to severity, follow-up, and type of care service. Methods: We undertook a retrospective study in hospitalized patients. EA by severity (no damage, irreversible damage, disability, and death), types (pressure ulcers (PUs), falls, phlebitis, and blood transfusion), and demographic data (age and gender) were taken into account. Damage severity was determined according to the guidelines of the Peruvian Ministry of Health. Results: We obtained 127 reports (55.9% women, mean age of 28+8 years). The main EA were PUs (57.5%), followed by phleb...

“Introduction: Preeclampsia is the major cause of maternal death in Latin America, which presents with hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, increasing the levels of inflammatory markers.We aimed to determine the ratio of LDH and protein/creatinine index (PCI) in Peruvian pregnant women with preeclampsia at the Hospital Nacional Docente Madre Niño San Bartolomé in 2017. Materials and methods: we conducted a cross-sectional study in 3415 pregnant preeclamptic women without eclampsia or HELLP syndrome. The kinetic method was used to determine urine creatinine (mg/dl), the turbidimetric method for protein quantification (mg/dl), and the kinetic method for LDH (U/L). Kendall’s Tau-b correlation and non-paired t-test were used. Results: Of the total, 168 (4.9%) had a clinical diagnosis of preeclampsia with a higher frequency in the 25-35 age group (41.7%). We observe...