The isosteric heats of sorption of two varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) grain were determined by the static gravimetric method at four temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and in relative humidity environments provided by six saturated salt solutions. Six mathematical equations were used to model the experimental data: GAB, Oswin, Henderson, Peleg, Smith and Halsey. The isosteric heat of sorption was determined using the parameters of the GAB model. All the equations were shown to be appropriate by the coefficients of determination (R2) and the mean absolute error (MA%E). The influence of temperature was observed because the adsorption of water by the grains was lower at higher temperatures. The equilibrium moisture contents for security of storage, for long periods of time at water activity lower than 0.65, were 12 - 13%. The effect of temperature on the parameters of the...

El presente trabajo estudió el efecto del tiempo (0 a 6 h) y la temperatura (30, 40 e 50 ºC) de maceración en la cinética de hidratación de granos de quinua de cuatro variedades. Las humedades experimentales fueron ajustados al modelo empírico de Peleg y al modelo difusional de Fick. Fueron determinados las constantes K1 y K2 y los coeficientes efectivos de difusión (Def). La influencia de la temperatura en las constantes de los dos modelos fueron descritos por una ecuación del tipo Arhenius, y determinados las energías de activación (Ea). Los datos calculados por los modelos fueron validados estadísticamente mediante regresión no linear a través del coeficiente de determinación (R2), y la Media Absoluta Porcentual del Error (MA%E). El modelo de la ecuación de Peleg ajustó mejor que el modelo de la segunda ley de Fick. El coeficiente de difusión varía entre 2.65 x 10-12...

Simple innovations in temperature control during cocoa roasting can help improve the quality of chocolate made by small entrepreneurs in the Andean-Amazonian valleys of Peru. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of oven temperature on the temperature of cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao) during roasting, using six mathematical models. Cocoa beans in the amounts of 100 and 200 g were placed in a tray in a conventional electric oven set at 250 °C. A K-type thermocouple with its respective reader was introduced in the geometric center of a cocoa bean and another 5 cm from the surface. The readings were recorded every 5 min and exported via Bluetooth to a computer. The temperature data were fitted to the mathematical models of the Concentrated System, Fourier's Law, Peleg, Page, Weibull and Midilli. The convective heat transfer coefficient (h), the thermal diffusivity (α), ...

Simple innovations in temperature control during cocoa roasting can help improve the quality of chocolate made by small entrepreneurs in the Andean-Amazonian valleys of Peru. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of oven temperature on the temperature of cocoa beans (Theobroma cacao) during roasting, using six mathematical models. Cocoa beans in the amounts of 100 and 200 g were placed in a tray in a conventional electric oven set at 250 °C. A K-type thermocouple with its respective reader was introduced in the geometric center of a cocoa bean and another 5 cm from the surface. The readings were recorded every 5 min and exported via Bluetooth to a computer. The temperature data were fitted to the mathematical models of the Concentrated System, Fourier's Law, Peleg, Page, Weibull and Midilli. The convective heat transfer coefficient (h), the thermal diffusivity (α), ...

The isosteric heats of sorption of two varieties of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) grain were determined by the static gravimetric method at four temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70 °C) and in relative humidity environments provided by six saturated salt solutions. Six mathematical equations were used to model the experimental data: GAB, Oswin, Henderson, Peleg, Smith and Halsey. The isosteric heat of sorption was determined using the parameters of the GAB model. All the equations were shown to be appropriate by the coefficients of determination (R2) and the mean absolute error (MA%E). The influence of temperature was observed because the adsorption of water by the grains was lower at higher temperatures. The equilibrium moisture contents for security of storage, for long periods of time at water activity lower than 0.65, were 12 - 13%. The effect of temperature on the parameters of the...

Apply the educational program Happy Children Without Anemia (HCWA) in children at a public school in Puno department, supplying a fortified vegetable product to reduce anemia levels and improve their parents´ knowledge and healthy practices. A pre-experimental study with pre and post-test was carried out. The study population was children of the public school of Yocará, community of the province of San Roman. Hemoglobin data was obtained from 44 school-age children, ranging from 6 to 12 years old, who received bread fortified with beans and quinoa flour for 120 days. In the same way, both parents and students participated in nutritional talks and workshops with topics related to iron deficiency. The mean hemoglobin level was significantly increased to 0.51 g / dl (p <0.05), it was also possible to reduce mild anemia from 25.5% to 2.3% and moderate anemia from 18.6% to 7%. As for the...

Apply the educational program Happy Children Without Anemia (HCWA) in children at a public school in Puno department, supplying a fortified vegetable product to reduce anemia levels and improve their parents´ knowledge and healthy practices. A pre-experimental study with pre and post-test was carried out. The study population was children of the public school of Yocará, community of the province of San Roman. Hemoglobin data was obtained from 44 school-age children, ranging from 6 to 12 years old, who received bread fortified with beans and quinoa flour for 120 days. In the same way, both parents and students participated in nutritional talks and workshops with topics related to iron deficiency. The mean hemoglobin level was significantly increased to 0.51 g / dl (p <0.05), it was also possible to reduce mild anemia from 25.5% to 2.3% and moderate anemia from 18.6% to 7%. As for the...

Apply the educational program Happy Children Without Anemia (HCWA) in children at a public school in Puno department, supplying a fortified vegetable product to reduce anemia levels and improve their parents´ knowledge and healthy practices. A pre-experimental study with pre and post-test was carried out. The study population was children of the public school of Yocará, community of the province of San Roman. Hemoglobin data was obtained from 44 school-age children, ranging from 6 to 12 years old, who received bread fortified with beans and quinoa flour for 120 days. In the same way, both parents and students participated in nutritional talks and workshops with topics related to iron deficiency. The mean hemoglobin level was significantly increased to 0.51 g / dl (p <0.05), it was also possible to reduce mild anemia from 25.5% to 2.3% and moderate anemia from 18.6% to 7%. As for the...

Apply the educational program Happy Children Without Anemia (HCWA) in children at a public school in Puno department, supplying a fortified vegetable product to reduce anemia levels and improve their parents´ knowledge and healthy practices. A pre-experimental study with pre and post-test was carried out. The study population was children of the public school of Yocará, community of the province of San Roman. Hemoglobin data was obtained from 44 school-age children, ranging from 6 to 12 years old, who received bread fortified with beans and quinoa flour for 120 days. In the same way, both parents and students participated in nutritional talks and workshops with topics related to iron deficiency. The mean hemoglobin level was significantly increased to 0.51 g / dl (p <0.05), it was also possible to reduce mild anemia from 25.5% to 2.3% and moderate anemia from 18.6% to 7%. As for the...

Chocolate is a widely consumed product, due to the contribution of fats and antioxidant compounds; the addition of other components makes it possible to increase the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, although they can affect its rheological properties. The influence of the partial addition of peanut paste and Sacha Inchi on the rheological and functional properties of dark chocolate was evaluated. Cocoa beans, peanuts, and Sacha Inchi were refined in order to obtain the cocoa paste (PC), peanut paste (PM), and Sacha Inchi paste (PSI). Then, mixtures between 0 to 20% of PM and PSI were formulated, and the rheological properties were evaluated at 30, 40, and 50 C; these were adjusted to mathematical models. Functional groups were identified by FTIR in ATR mode, and it was observed that the partial addition of PM and PSI did not show significant changes in the shear stress and apparen...