This study uses the net price method to estimate the depreciation of natural capital and the true net national product of the Peru’s mining sector during the 1992-2001 period. The estimations show that approximately 38% of the Peru’s annual mining income recorded by its national account system corresponds to the depreciation of its natural resources and, therefore, it does not represent the true economic income. This loss of natural capital was widely greater than the payment realized by the government through the «Canon Minero». For this reason, the re-investment of the resource rent from the mining sector was smaller than the loss of natural capital, which implies that the Hartwick’s rule was not achieved for the case of the Peru’s mining sector, at least during the period in study.

This study uses the net price method to estimate the depreciation of natural capital and the true net national product of the Peru’s mining sector during the 1992-2001 period. The estimations show that approximately 38% of the Peru’s annual mining income recorded by its national account system corresponds to the depreciation of its natural resources and, therefore, it does not represent the true economic income. This loss of natural capital was widely greater than the payment realized by the government through the «Canon Minero». For this reason, the re-investment of the resource rent from the mining sector was smaller than the loss of natural capital, which implies that the Hartwick’s rule was not achieved for the case of the Peru’s mining sector, at least during the period in study.

According to NOAA, the results of an economic valuation are applicable as public policy if they fulfill two conditions: rationality and plausibility. In this study, we carried out the valuation of biodiversity conservation in Manu National Park in Peru (a megabiodiverse country), based on three representations: species, habitat and functionality. We identify sensitivity to scope in most of the attributes used. When we add socioeconomic characteristics, we identify that gender and salary levels affect preferences. Our total analysis shows that number of threatened plant species and functionality better fulfill both conditions.