El objetivo principal del estudio es determinar la fase en el ciclo de vida de dos tipos de residencias unifamiliar y multifamiliar en la ciudad de Lima que demanda mayor consumo energético y contribuye a los altos niveles de la huella de carbono, con la finalidad de reducir dichos impactos ambientales y proponer alternativas de mejora enfocadas a la eficiencia energética y la mitigación del cambio climático. En el estudio se ha aplicado un método de evaluación del ciclo de vida (ECV) de acuerdo con los estándares ISO 14040 y 14044. Este modelo analiza las fases del ciclo de vida de la residencia, desde la fase de construcción, operación y demolición para estimar el consumo total de energía y la huella de carbono en 50 años de vida útil. Los resultados muestran que tanto en la residencia unifamiliar y multifamiliar la fase de operación tiene la mayor demanda energética (56...

Propolis is a substance with significant anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activity, which could be used more efficiently at the nano level as an additive in the food industry. The aim was to obtain and characterize nanoencapsulated multi-floral propolis from the agro-ecological region of Apurimac, Peru. For nanoencapsulation, 5% ethanolic extracts propolis with 0.3% gum arabic and 30% maltodextrin were prepared. Then, the mixtures were dried by nano spraying at 120 ◦C using the smallest nebulizer. The flavonoid content was between 1.81 and 6.66 mg quercetin/g, the phenolic compounds were between 1.76 and 6.13 mg GAE/g, and a high antioxidant capacity was observed. The results of moisture, water activity, bulk density, color, hygroscopicity, solubility, yield, and encapsulation efficiency were typical of the nano spray drying process. The total organic carbon content was aro...

Ferropenic anemy is the leading iron deficiency disease in the world. The aim was to encapsulate erythrocytes extracted from the blood of Cavia porcellus, in matrices of tara gum and native potato starch. For microencapsulation, solutions were prepared with 20% erythrocytes; and encapsulants at 5, 10, and 20%. The mixtures were spray-dried at 120 and 140 ◦C. The iron content in the erythrocytes was 3.30 mg/g and between 2.32 and 2.05 mg/g for the encapsulates (p < 0.05). The yield of the treatments varied between 47.84 and 58.73%. The moisture, water activity, and bulk density were influenced by the temperature and proportion of encapsulants. The total organic carbon in the atomized samples was around 14%. The particles had diverse reddish tonalities, which were heterogeneous in their form and size; openings on their surface were also observed by SEM. The particle size was at the nanom...