The soil is considered the largest carbon reservoir in nature after the oceans, its content has been studied mostly in forest ecosystems, leaving aside other important ecosystems such as high Andean natural pastures, whose plant cover is made up of species diversity, which occupy large areas. The objective of the research was to determine the influence of the altitudinal variability on the Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) storage capacity of the Stipa, Festuca and Calamagrostis species, as well as its relationship with the characteristics of the soils. 73 soil samples were extracted at 0.2 m depth, between altitudes of 4000 to 4410 m.a.s.l.; To determine the COS, the wet oxidation methodology was used. The results show that there is no significant difference in the accumulation of SOC of the species studied, its general mean is 364.33 ± 48.80 t ha-1. The correlation coefficients between the am...

The soil is considered the largest carbon reservoir in nature after the oceans, its content has been studied mostly in forest ecosystems, leaving aside other important ecosystems such as high Andean natural pastures, whose plant cover is made up of species diversity, which occupy large areas. The objective of the research was to determine the influence of the altitudinal variability on the Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) storage capacity of the Stipa, Festuca and Calamagrostis species, as well as its relationship with the characteristics of the soils. 73 soil samples were extracted at 0.2 m depth, between altitudes of 4000 to 4410 m.a.s.l.; To determine the COS, the wet oxidation methodology was used. The results show that there is no significant difference in the accumulation of SOC of the species studied, its general mean is 364.33 ± 48.80 t ha-1. The correlation coefficients between the am...

The province of Andahuaylas is located in the region of Apurimac, a Peruvian city located in the Andes. Andahuaylas has three important districts: San Jerónimo, Andahuaylas and Talavera. These areas are highly populated, and their buildings are close to the Chumbao River. This research aimed to determine the influence of anthropogenic activities on the concentration of pesticides, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics in the Chumbao River. Five agricultural activities, 19 organochlorine pesticides, and 25 organophosphorus pesticides were studied. Eighteen physicochemical properties and two microbiological properties were also studied at seven sampling points along the Chumbao River during the rainy and dry seasons. Several veterinary and agricultural products were identified in the agricultural activities studied. However, no significant concentration values of organochlor...

The contamination of water resources by effluents from various industries often contains heavy metals, which cause irreversible damage to the environment and health. The objective was to evaluate different biosorbents from the weed Rumex acetosella to remove metal cations in wastewater. Drying, grinding and sieving of the stems was carried out to obtain the biomass, re taining the fractions of 250 to 500 µm and 500 to 750 µm, which served to obtain the biosorbents in natura (unmodified), acidic, alkaline, and mixed. Proximal analysis, PZC, TOC, removal capacity, influence of pH, functional groups, thermal analysis, structural characteristics, adsorption iso therms, and kinetic study were evaluated. The 250 µm mixed treatment was the one that presented the highest removal percentages, mainly due to the OH, NH, -C-H, COOH, and C-O functional groups achieving the removal of up to 96.14% ...

Propolis is a substance with significant anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and antiviral activity, which could be used more efficiently at the nano level as an additive in the food industry. The aim was to obtain and characterize nanoencapsulated multi-floral propolis from the agro-ecological region of Apurimac, Peru. For nanoencapsulation, 5% ethanolic extracts propolis with 0.3% gum arabic and 30% maltodextrin were prepared. Then, the mixtures were dried by nano spraying at 120 ◦C using the smallest nebulizer. The flavonoid content was between 1.81 and 6.66 mg quercetin/g, the phenolic compounds were between 1.76 and 6.13 mg GAE/g, and a high antioxidant capacity was observed. The results of moisture, water activity, bulk density, color, hygroscopicity, solubility, yield, and encapsulation efficiency were typical of the nano spray drying process. The total organic carbon content was aro...

Ferropenic anemy is the leading iron deficiency disease in the world. The aim was to encapsulate erythrocytes extracted from the blood of Cavia porcellus, in matrices of tara gum and native potato starch. For microencapsulation, solutions were prepared with 20% erythrocytes; and encapsulants at 5, 10, and 20%. The mixtures were spray-dried at 120 and 140 ◦C. The iron content in the erythrocytes was 3.30 mg/g and between 2.32 and 2.05 mg/g for the encapsulates (p < 0.05). The yield of the treatments varied between 47.84 and 58.73%. The moisture, water activity, and bulk density were influenced by the temperature and proportion of encapsulants. The total organic carbon in the atomized samples was around 14%. The particles had diverse reddish tonalities, which were heterogeneous in their form and size; openings on their surface were also observed by SEM. The particle size was at the nanom...