Assessment is a key aspect of the teaching and learning process. Teachers at the university face the challenge of identifying the best strategies to carry out this process effectively in remote teaching. In the same way, that students develop reflective thinking is an opportunity for their learning because it allows them to solve problems, hypothesize, propose alternatives and self-regulate their activities to achieve learning goals. The purpose of this study was to apply self-assessment as a strategy to promote reflective thinking and to identify the degree to which postgraduate students exercise this type of thinking by performing a challenging cognitive activity in the collection, selection and analysis of background information for the bibliographical balance of the research project. The research was qualitative in the framework of the interpretive paradigm, with a phenomenological d...