An earthquake shooked the central-southern zone of Peru, on august 15, 2007. As coseismic effect a tsunami was generated, which flooded some villages and beach resorts. From analysis and signal processing of nine tidal records observed, we can get the parameters characterizing the initial coseismic deformation through an inversion process, in which the computed signal is compared with the observed signal by a non-negative least square process. The maximum slip is 7.0 m and is located on the southern part of rupture geometry. The calculated scalar seismic moment is M0 = 1.99 × 10<21> Nm, equivalent to a magnitude of 8.1 Mw. As a result, a heterogeneous seismic source model is obtained, which was the initial condition for simulating tsunami propagation and inundation.

On February 27, 2010 an earthquake of magnitude 8.8 Mw (according to USGS) shook the center-southern region of Chile with a balance of more than 500 deaths. As a coseismic effect, a tsunami was generated which destroyed many coastal villages, as well as the permanent crustal deformation. This coseismic deformation can be quantified by geodetic measurements: GPS, field observations at the littoral and InSAR satellite interferometry data. From the analysis and processing of the geodetic data it is possible to obtain the parameters that characterize the distribution of the seismic source through an inversion process, in which the simulated data is compared with the observed data using the non-negative least squares method. The results show the existence of two main asperities located to the north and south of the epicenter. The maximum slip or dislocation was 17.3 m located in the northern ...

In recent years, agriculture in the Andes has shown greater sensitivity to climate change, favoring processes of soil erosion, retreat of glaciers, loss of vegetation cover, increased intensity of rainfall and alteration in the dynamics of crops in the region such as: potato, quinoa, corn, among others. This motivated many authors to develop regional model simulations to estimate the vulnerability index of these agricultural systems to these climatic events, allowing them to provide a more reliable climatological data in the presence of hot and dry winds. In this review article, the main contributions provided by various researchers regarding the impact of climate change on Andean agriculture are detailed. According to the collected information, it is concluded that climate change in the Andes will cause countries such as Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana and Colombia, to incre...

In recent years, agriculture in the Andes has shown greater sensitivity to climate change, favoring processes of soil erosion, retreat of glaciers, loss of vegetation cover, increased intensity of rainfall and alteration in the dynamics of crops in the region such as: potato, quinoa, corn, among others. This motivated many authors to develop regional model simulations to estimate the vulnerability index of these agricultural systems to these climatic events, allowing them to provide a more reliable climatological data in the presence of hot and dry winds. In this review article, the main contributions provided by various researchers regarding the impact of climate change on Andean agriculture are detailed. According to the collected information, it is concluded that climate change in the Andes will cause countries such as Brazil, Bolivia, Ecuador, Venezuela, Guyana and Colombia, to incre...

En la actualidad, la falta de energía eléctrica en lugares aislados o zonas rurales generan incomodidad en sus habitantes tanto como en el aspecto social, económico y académico; por otra parte, es conocido que la dirección en la que está enmarcada las fuentes generadoras futuras serán las centrales eléctricas del tipo renovable por sus diversas ventajas, es así que los diseñadores de nuevas tecnologías están encaminados en encontrar formas adecuadas de diseño que mejoren la capacidad de los elementos y que puedan ser aprovechados en baja escala, una de estas formas está basado en la ciencia de la biomimética. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo diseñar y evaluar una propuesta de turbina hidráulica para determinar los factores que influyen en la generación hidroeléctrica en situaciones donde el caudal es, como mínimo, 4m3/s, así como analizar la respuesta del sist...

En los últimos años, la agricultura de los Andes ha mostrado mayor sensibilidad al cambio climático, favoreciendo procesos de erosión del suelo, retroceso de glaciares, pérdida de cobertura vegetal, incremento en la intensidad de lluvias y alteración en la dinámica de los cultivos de la región como: papa, quinua, maíz, entre otros. Lo que motivó que, muchos autores desarrollen simulaciones de modelos regionales para estimar el índice de vulnerabilidad de estos sistemas agrícolas ante estos eventos climáticos, permitiéndoles otorgar una data climatológica más confiable en presencia de vientos cálidos y secos. En el presente artículo de revisión, se detallan los principales aportes brindados por diversos investigadores respecto al impacto del cambio climático en la agricultura andina. Según los antecedentes recopilados se concluye que, el cambio climático en los Andes...