The use of organophosphates (OPPs) in agriculture is an environmental problem due to their persistence in the environment, affecting non-target species, including human beings. For this reason, this study evaluated the degradation of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and profenofos (PFF) simultaneously in soils at sublethal concentrations in the presence of Eisenia foetida (EF) and a native bacterial consortium (NBC). For this, we first studied the avoidance behavior of EF to soils contaminated with CPF and PFF by calculating the percentage avoidance response (AR%), f inding that EF presents an avoidance behavior to soils contaminated with CPF (6.45 to 65.5 mg/kg) and PFF (2.26 to 112.95 mg/kg) and their mixture, giving values of AR% (+). EF did not show avoidance behavior with AR% (-) values when melon rinds were added as substrate making it feasible to study the degradation of CPF and PFF at concentr...

Lactobionic acid (LBA) is a polyhydroxy acid with attractive properties in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, medical, and chemical industries, making it a versatile product with multiple applications, which supports the various studies aimed at its production by increasingly more simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly processes. For this reason, the purpose of this research was to synthesize gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by a synthesis process using Myrciaria dubia (Camu camu) fruit extract. Subsequently, AuNPs were used to produce LBA from lactose. The results demonstrate that the Myrciaria dubia extract manages to synthesize AuNPs that were characterized by UV/vis spectrophotometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Zetasizer. LBA was quantified by FTIR-ATR spectroscopy and ion chromatography. The results showed that AuNPs succeeded in producing LBA from lactose s...