En esta década, con el regreso a la Luna, inicia una etapa increíble en la historia de la humanidad mediante la exploración espacial. Para cumplir con éxito esta enorme empresa, es menester extraer y utilizar los Recursos espaciales in situ, para lo cual debemos enfocar la tecnología terrestre en el desarrollo de la minería espacial. El agua es el recurso espacial más preciado y para obtenerlo tenemos dos opciones: minar los depósitos de agua helada en los polos o producirla mediante reacciones químicas con minerales lunares. La ilmenita es el principal mineral candidato para la producción de agua y varios investigadores ya han desarrollado procesos metalúrgicos para tal fin, uno de ellos y muy prometedor es la “reducción de ilmenita por hidrógeno”. Esta tesis complementa la visión geológica de los depósitos de ilmenita lunar, especificando cómo estas característica...

This Review Article is presented based on current scientific evidence on space medicine focused on human physiology and its countermeasures. Therefore, a non-systematic bibliographic search of scientific articles and research books in English-Spanish of the last 7 years was carried out, detailing their application in humans, murine models and in vitro experiments. The conditions of the space environment such as microgravity and radiation that produce considerable physiological changes in the cardiovascular system (redistribution of fluids, cardiovascular remodeling, arrhythmias) were taken into account; nervous (sensorimotor, neurosensory, neurovestibular); respiratory (volume and capacity changes); renal (lithiasis); musculoskeletal (muscular atrophy, osteoporosis); hematological (anemia); immunological (immune dysregulation) and digestive (intestinal microbiota disorder). In addition, ...

This Review Article is presented based on current scientific evidence on space medicine focused on human physiology and its countermeasures. Therefore, a non-systematic bibliographic search of scientific articles and research books in English-Spanish of the last 7 years was carried out, detailing their application in humans, murine models and in vitro experiments. The conditions of the space environment such as microgravity and radiation that produce considerable physiological changes in the cardiovascular system (redistribution of fluids, cardiovascular remodeling, arrhythmias) were taken into account; nervous (sensorimotor, neurosensory, neurovestibular); respiratory (volume and capacity changes); renal (lithiasis); musculoskeletal (muscular atrophy, osteoporosis); hematological (anemia); immunological (immune dysregulation) and digestive (intestinal microbiota disorder). In addition, ...