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Objectives: To determine the effect of chronic hypoxia on prolactin (PRL) secretion. Design: Comparative study. Setting: Endocrinology service, Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Lima, Peru. Participants: Native young men from Lima and Cerro de Pasco. Interventions: Three groups of normal young men age (X24a) with comparable nutritional status, natives from different altitudes: 150 m.a.s.l. (Lima, N=10), 3 000 m.a.s.l. (Tarma, N= 10), 4 200 m.a.s.l. (Cerro de Pasco, n=11); and three patients with chronic mountain disease (CMD) natives from Cerro de Pasco were studied. All subjects were euthyroid and without goiter. RIA determinations of PRL basal serum levels and PRL response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) 200 μg I.V. were carried out on each subject. Main outcome measures: Difference of serum prolactin levels and highest response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone in subjects ...