This study addresses rising sustainability demands in the agro-industry by examining how data-driven approaches can reduce inefficiencies, waste, and poor resource use in spinach production. It investigates the impact of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), First-In–First-Out (FIFO), process standardization, and circular economy practices—enhanced through digital transformation—on operational efficiency in a Peruvian agro-industrial firm. An exploratory case study was conducted using pilot implementations, direct observation, and quantitative analysis. Statistical tools, including Holt–Winters forecasting, were applied to assess the effectiveness of the interventions. Digital technologies supported data collection, traceability, and decision-making. An exploratory case study was conducted using pilot implementations, direct observation, and quantitative analysis. The integration o...

La investigación consistió en la aplicación, estudio de un prototipo de planta piloto de un proceso industrial incluyendo en él toda la tecnología utilizada en las industrias de nuestro país, desde la instrumentación de campo (sensores y actuadores), control (Controlador Lógico Programable) y sistema de gestión de información (SCADA, Reportes de Máquina, Reportes SPC, Alarmas de Proceso, Históricos y Tendencias). Para lograr dicho propósito se usó de un software industrial, abarcando de esta manera cada uno de los niveles de la pirámide de la automatización industrial, desde los conocimientos básicos hasta las herramientas de gestión que permiten potenciar las habilidades adquiridas por los alumnos en los diversos cursos de la rama tecnológica de la automatización y control de procesos que llevan en su formación en pregrado. De esta manera la Escuela de Ingeniería I...

Two days later, Francisco Sagasti assumed the presidency and was in charge of calling elections. Thus, in May 2021, the first electoral debate was held between the candidates who represent opposing ideologies and who passed to the second round: Pedro Castillo and Keiko Fujimori. In this article, we analyze metaphorical and metonymic expressions in the political debate, under the proposal of cognitive semantics (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980; Ruiz de Mendoza and Pérez Hernández, 2001), in order to explain how politics, health, the country, education and the economy were categorized in the Peruvian electoral campaign. The results of the research show that both politicians coincide in their vision of politics as a war, but differ in the way they understand the economy, health and education.