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The first scenario of article 14 of Legislative Decree 1071 positivizes the theory of the incorporation of non-signatory parties, know internationally as “implicit consent” theory. Although more than twelve years have elapsed since its publication, article 14 has remained disregarded by local pronouncements thus far from the arbitration or judicial levels that could provide us with more elements regarding its application in specific cases. This article aims to identify the way in which international arbitration tribunals have applied the implicit consent theory to determine what type of conducts throughout the contractual iter have justified the incorporation of a non-signatory to the arbitration. Moreover, the authors seek to provide answers to some questions of substantive and procedural nature: Is the non-signatory jointly and severally liable? How does the incorporation of a non-...

The first scenario of article 14 of Legislative Decree 1071 positivizes the theory of the incorporation of non-signatory parties, know internationally as “implicit consent” theory. Although more than twelve years have elapsed since its publication, article 14 has remained disregarded by local pronouncements thus far from the arbitration or judicial levels that could provide us with more elements regarding its application in specific cases. This article aims to identify the way in which international arbitration tribunals have applied the implicit consent theory to determine what type of conducts throughout the contractual iter have justified the incorporation of a non-signatory to the arbitration. Moreover, the authors seek to provide answers to some questions of substantive and procedural nature: Is the non-signatory jointly and severally liable? How does the incorporation of a non-...

The first scenario of article 14 of Legislative Decree 1071 positivizes the theory of the incorporation of non-signatory parties, know internationally as “implicit consent” theory. Although more than twelve years have elapsed since its publication, article 14 has remained disregarded by local pronouncements thus far from the arbitration or judicial levels that could provide us with more elements regarding its application in specific cases. This article aims to identify the way in which international arbitration tribunals have applied the implicit consent theory to determine what type of conducts throughout the contractual iter have justified the incorporation of a non-signatory to the arbitration. Moreover, the authors seek to provide answers to some questions of substantive and procedural nature: Is the non-signatory jointly and severally liable? How does the incorporation of a non-...

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Las características del desarrollo de la ganadería lechera del Centro de Investigación y Experimentación de la Universidad Nacional Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo (CIESAM), consistente en baja producción láctea de las vacas y períodos largos entre partos, se tomó la decisión de ejecutar la presente tesis “Evaluación de la eficiencia reproductiva de vacas lecheras del Centro de Investigación y Experimentación Santiago Antúnez de Mayolo – Tingua, en el período 2012-2016”. El análisis de las variables que explican esta eficiencia, nos ha permitido conocer que el período inter partos es sumamente prolongado (476 ± 95.9 días) y como parte de la tecnología ganadera se clasifica como mala; de cuyo resultado son causales la deficiente alimentación de las vacas lecheras y la ineficiencia en la detección de los celos; ambas variables, no son posibles de revertir en el corto...

The present study assessed the diagnostic performance of the Xpert®Xpress SARS-CoV-2 test in comparison with the Charité protocol real-time RT PCR for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Peruvian patients. This was a diagnostic test study that included 100 nasal and pharyngeal swab samples. We obtained an overall concordance of 98.70% (95%CI: 92.98-99.97), with a kappa coefficient of 0.97 (95%CI: 0.86-1.00) and sensitivity and relative specificity rates of 100% and 96.15%, respectively. Additionally, the percentage of the area under the ROC curve was 98.08% in both cases, and an analytical specificity rate of 100% was obtained for the different respiratory viruses evaluated. In conclusion, the Xpert®Xpress SARS-CoV-2 test, by using nasal and pharyngeal swab samples, was highly sensitive and specific, and the kappa coefficient showed an excellent correlation when compared to the reference t...