El siguiente artículo discute el itinerario seguido desde la noción de empleo precario hasta la construcción y operacionalización del concepto de trabajo decente. La reflexión se inscribe en la necesidad de precisar la importancia de la calidad del empleo como medio de superación de la pobreza y construcción de ciudadanía, la vigencia de las instituciones del mercado de trabajo y la compatibilidad del proceso de generación de empleos con derechos.En un primer momento se presentará las definiciones de empleo precario, para luego discutir el concepto de trabajo decente y, finalmente, presentar una propuesta metodológica de medición de dicho concepto. Esto es un asunto particularmente relevante ya que, en la medida, que los conceptos puedan traducirse en indicadores se facilitará su incorporación en el diseño, monitoreo y evaluación de las políticas públicas, en es...

This paper shows the evolution of economic activity and employment considering the economic cycles and perspectives of Metropolitan Lima. As in all cities, employment is the expression of its economic dynamics. Like the country as a whole, the capital could be moving towards a higher value-added economy, although there is a risk of an exclusionary process if sectoral policies are not implemented, particularly in the area of job training.

The boom in agricultural exports is undeniable. These have doubled in the last ten years and their destination markets have diversified along with the expansion of the product portfolio. The number of salaried workers in this activity amounts to more than 200 thousand, however, their salary and employment conditions are far from decent work standards and do not correspond to the remarkable expansion of this sector. Why is this situation? This article develops the hypothesis that this is due to the persistence of an inequitable labor arrangement that was established at the beginning of the 1990s. In the 1990s, the so-called “boom” of agro-exports began. Traditional agricultural exports -coffee, cotton, corn- began to be displaced by growing flows of other products that were called non-traditional, including asparagus, vegetables, fruits and cereals.

Decent work is work that is available to anyone who wishes to work in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity. There are ten categories for measuring decent work, the application of which makes it possible to determine the situation of a population with respect to its working conditions. The purpose of this article is to analyze the terms in which the labor standards incorporated in the respective chapter of the Free Trade Agreement with the United States have been complied with, one year after its application. To this end, a comparison of the labor indicators obtained before and after the signing of the FTA with the United States is offered.

The precariousness of employment deepened in the context of the structural adjustment of the 1990s, inducing a relative disqualification of the labor force to the detriment of the bargaining power of the working sector; overcoming these results requires a convergent approach between economic, social and labor policies. In short, we need a scheme that incorporates equity in labor relations without undermining the achievement of greater productivity and competitiveness of the economy.

Within the framework of an exposition on the successive conceptions of development, in relation to the policies applied in Latin America, the article presents the most outstanding points of John Rawls's theory of distributive justice, and Amartya Sen's philosophy on development. understood as an expansion of freedoms.

Peru needs a new institutional arrangement aimed at redistribution, including universal coverage of essential benefits guaranteed to all and corresponding to the country's levels of development. This means reviewing the liberal reforms proposed by the Washington Consensus, whose ideological parameters favored the precariousness of employment and the persistence of poverty conditions pending uncertain development. This article summarizes such approaches, which go beyond the focus of social policies.

No presenta resumen

El siguiente artículo discute el itinerario seguido desde la noción de empleo precario hasta la construcción y operacionalización del concepto de trabajo decente. La reflexión se inscribe en la necesidad de precisar la importancia de la calidad del empleo como medio de superación de la pobreza y construcción de ciudadanía, la vigencia de las instituciones del mercado de trabajo y la compatibilidad del proceso de generación de empleos con derechos.En un primer momento se presentará las definiciones de empleo precario, para luego discutir el concepto de trabajo decente y, finalmente, presentar una propuesta metodológica de medición de dicho concepto. Esto es un asunto particularmente relevante ya que, en la medida, que los conceptos puedan traducirse en indicadores se facilitará su incorporación en el diseño, monitoreo y evaluación de las políticas públicas, en es...

El siguiente artículo discute el itinerario seguido desde la noción de empleo precario hasta la construcción y operacionalización del concepto de trabajo decente. La reflexión se inscribe en la necesidad de precisar la importancia de la calidad del empleo como medio de superación de la pobreza y construcción de ciudadanía, la vigencia de las instituciones del mercado de trabajo y la compatibilidad del proceso de generación de empleos con derechos.En un primer momento se presentará las definiciones de empleo precario, para luego discutir el concepto de trabajo decente y, finalmente, presentar una propuesta metodológica de medición de dicho concepto. Esto es un asunto particularmente relevante ya que, en la medida, que los conceptos puedan traducirse en indicadores se facilitará su incorporación en el diseño, monitoreo y evaluación de las políticas públicas, en es...

La precariedad como rasgo distintivo de la calidad del empleo, en el Perú de hoy, nadie discute. Por el lado del acceso a la cobertura de los riesgos sociales, propios de una economía capitalista y de mercado, los trabajadores aparecen con muy bajos niveles de cobertura. Uno de cada 5 trabajadores de empresas formales trabaja en condiciones de informalidad –sin acceso a planes pensionarios, seguro de salud y de accidentes de trabajo- siendo esta situación focalizada en el sector obrero (INEI, ENAHO 2006). Pero, considerando tanto asalariados como independientes, tres de cada 4 integrantes de la PEA carecen de cualquier tipo de cobertura social (MTPE, PEEL 2007). En relación con la situación contractual de los trabajadores, mientras que en 1970 en Lima Metropolitana había 41 mil eventuales y 309 mil estables, en el 2006 los estables ascendían a 331 mil trabajadores pero los event...

The diverse discussions around the Minimum Living Wage have been very controversial and constant over the past decades due to the economic, social and political context inwhich  Peru  was  immersed.  However, these discussions have reduced its recurrence overthe past years as a result of various factors, such as the development of labor rights andimprovement of the economic situation.However, it is extremely relevant to understand the importance of the role of the Minimum Living Wage and the implications it may have over the workers. That is why in the present exposition there will be a presentation  of the opposing positions regarding the impact–positive or negative– of the existence of a Minimum Living Wage on workers.

The diverse discussions around the Minimum Living Wage have been very controversial and constant over the past decades due to the economic, social and political context inwhich  Peru  was  immersed.  However, these discussions have reduced its recurrence overthe past years as a result of various factors, such as the development of labor rights andimprovement of the economic situation.However, it is extremely relevant to understand the importance of the role of the Minimum Living Wage and the implications it may have over the workers. That is why in the present exposition there will be a presentation  of the opposing positions regarding the impact–positive or negative– of the existence of a Minimum Living Wage on workers.

The diverse discussions around the Minimum Living Wage have been very controversial and constant over the past decades due to the economic, social and political context inwhich  Peru  was  immersed.  However, these discussions have reduced its recurrence overthe past years as a result of various factors, such as the development of labor rights andimprovement of the economic situation.However, it is extremely relevant to understand the importance of the role of the Minimum Living Wage and the implications it may have over the workers. That is why in the present exposition there will be a presentation  of the opposing positions regarding the impact–positive or negative– of the existence of a Minimum Living Wage on workers.