Se trata de un ensayo crítico que parte de las recomendaciones que hacen destacados científicos para seguir cuatro reglas generales: observar la realidad tal como es, poseer actitud crítica, desarrollar una sólida aptitud metodológica y tener la disposición para publicar abiertamente. Gracias a estas cuatro reglas se hace posible desentrañar los desafíos y problemas propios de toda investigación científica, que son: realizar un descubrimiento, probarlo mediante el análisis y comunicarlo a las personas idóneas de la comunidad científica. Para lograr esta descripción, se detalla el proceso para realizar un descubrimiento; el diseño de los procedimientos, instrumentos y técnicas para poner a prueba las hipótesis expuestas en el proyecto de investigación; la puesta en operación de dicho método y finalmente, pero no menos importante, el medio para que la comunidad científ...

It is a critical essay that starts from the recommendations made by prominent scientists to follow four general rules: observe reality as it is, have a critical attitude, develop solid methodological aptitude and have the willingness to publish openly. Thanks to these four rules, it is possible to unravel the challenges and problems inherent in all scientific research, which are: make a discovery, test it through analysis and communicate it to the right people in the scientific community. To achieve this description, the process for making a discovery is detailed. the design of the procedures, instruments and techniques to test the hypothesis set forth in the research project. The implementation of said method and last but not least, the means for the scientific community to be critically informed of the results of the investigation.

This article describes the state-of-the-art of science instruments and assesses their usefulness, their potentialities and also their limitations. It proposes criteria to select them and thus carry out the research. It addresses the theoretical discussions around qualitative and quantitative instruments; and proposes another way of classifying them, showing that they can reach the replicability requirements, in certain circumstances. Since documentary and experimental fieldwork is one of the fundamental facets of research, it is suggested to do it with a playful spirit to achieve a degree of satisfaction that is only observed in creative activities.

This article describes the state-of-the-art of science instruments and assesses their usefulness, their potentialities and also their limitations. It proposes criteria to select them and thus carry out the research. It addresses the theoretical discussions around qualitative and quantitative instruments; and proposes another way of classifying them, showing that they can reach the replicability requirements, in certain circumstances. Since documentary and experimental fieldwork is one of the fundamental facets of research, it is suggested to do it with a playful spirit to achieve a degree of satisfaction that is only observed in creative activities.

Este artículo explica el por qué los científicos deberían poseer un auténtico compromiso existencial con el problema a investigar para ahondar en sus secretos y resolverlos; también que la formulación de un proyecto investigación, eventualmente, permite generar un descubrimiento científico; que el proyecto para continuar deberá ser aprobado por un director de tesis para que sea aceptado en un posgrado, o a un colegiado si se requiere utilizar los recursos de la institución; y finalmente, permitirá apreciar cómo se vinculan entre sí las etapas de dicho proyecto y la importancia de resolver cada una satisfactoriamente.

This article explains why scientists should have a true existential commitment to the problem to be investigated in order to delve into its secrets and solve them. That the written formulation of a research project, eventually, allows generating a scientific discovery. That the project to continue must be submitted to the appreciation of a thesis advisor if he wishes to be accepted into a postgraduate degree, or to a collegiate if he wishes to use the institution's resources; and it will finally allow to appreciate how the stages of said project are linked to each other and the importance of solving each one satisfactorily.