Three new species of Lepanthes (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from Northern Peru are described here. Each species is illustrated with a line drawing, also a photograph for each one is presented. For each species information about distribution, habitat, and a comparison with similar taxa is given. The new species are named as Lepanthes pseudoprofusa, Lepanthes odobenus, and Lepanthes peruviana.

En el presente artículo se estudian los elementos procesales más importantes de la litigación indígena de la etapa más temprana del Virreinato del Perú (1550-1560). A partir de un importante proceso judicial, en el que dos pueblos indígenas se disputaron una parcela de tierra, se revisará la argumentación jurídica empleada por los profesionales del Derecho (abogados y procuradores de causas) junto a los representantes indígenas (caciques), como también las diferencias entre los juicios de propiedad y posesión para indígenas a mediados del siglo XVI.

Despite the long-standing cultural importance and botanical interest in Vanilla, many taxa belonging to the genus remain poorly understood. Vanilla species generally have broad geographical and ecological distributions. Most species are found in multiple countries, while local endemics are rare. Many names proposed in the eighteen and nineteenth centuries remain cryptic and unused despite having priority over more recently proposed names. Relatively few Vanilla species have been well-documented, both locally and across their entire distribution range, while a signifcant portion of novelties have been proposed on the basis of very few specimens that are compared only with local foras. After careful inspection of the type materials, living plants, botanical illustrations, photographs and hundreds of additional herbarium specimens of Vanilla we tentatively recognize 62 species for the Neotr...