This research analyzes the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports of the main audiovisual companies in Spain (Radio Televisión Española, Atresmedia and Mediaset España). The main objective is to determine the level of implementation of CSR policies in each one of them. We use content analysis methodology. It consists of 14 indicators and it is based of one previous research (Campos, 2013). The results show that there is a greater level of implementation in the public corporation than in the private ones.

This research analyzes the corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports of the main audiovisual companies in Spain (Radio Televisión Española, Atresmedia and Mediaset España). The main objective is to determine the level of implementation of CSR policies in each one of them. We use content analysis methodology. It consists of 14 indicators and it is based of one previous research (Campos, 2013). The results show that there is a greater level of implementation in the public corporation than in the private ones.

In a context characterized by structural transformations and the credibility crisis of journalism, media accountability is of outmost importance. Focusing on the Spanish context, this article examines journalists’ and citizens’ perceptions of in-house accountability instruments. To do so, an online survey was administered to Spanish journalists, six citizen focus groups were established and 19 in-depth interviews were conducted with experts and representatives from professional associations. The results reveal that journalists’ evaluation of media accountability instruments is modest. From the citizens’ perspective, the lack of visibility and relative distrust toward these instruments are highlighted. With the goal of stimulating the debate and decision-making, an open access platform has been built to evaluate if media organizations have developed these fundamental instruments t...

In a context characterized by structural transformations and the credibility crisis of journalism, media accountability is of outmost importance. Focusing on the Spanish context, this article examines journalists’ and citizens’ perceptions of in-house accountability instruments. To do so, an online survey was administered to Spanish journalists, six citizen focus groups were established and 19 in-depth interviews were conducted with experts and representatives from professional associations. The results reveal that journalists’ evaluation of media accountability instruments is modest. From the citizens’ perspective, the lack of visibility and relative distrust toward these instruments are highlighted. With the goal of stimulating the debate and decision-making, an open access platform has been built to evaluate if media organizations have developed these fundamental instruments t...

The early presence of adolescents in social networks (SN) and their prolonged exposure to influencer advertising, a non-invasive tactic focused on short-term advertising objectives with influencers as the digital advertising system's pillar, have placed them at risk. Evidence indicates hybridization in advertising (Feijoo et al., 2021; Feijoo, et al., 2023; Suárez-Álvarez and Pastor-Rodríguez, 2023) and limited capabilities of the adolescent to recognize advertising if it is not signaled (Evans et al., 2017; Feijoo et al., 2021; Martins et al., 2023; Zozaya Durazo et al., 2022; Zozaya-Durazo and Sádaba-Chalezquer, 2022). This prevents him from activating a critical attitude toward advertising (Evans et al., 2017; Feijoo et al., 2021; Feijoo et al., 2023; Zozaya Durazo et al., 2022). Therefore, it is essential to understand how they interact, perceive, and respond to influencer advert...