Desde el clásico estudio de Kuhn (1957), mucho se ha insistido en la pluralidad estructural de la llamada revolución copernicana –esto es, la sustitución de la astronomía ptolemaica centrada en la Tierra por la astronomía copernicana centrada casi en el Sol–. El poliedro de la revolución copernicana incluye aspectos matemáticos, astronómicos, físicos, filosóficos y teológicos. Sin duda, la comprensión de la estructura y la dinámica de laciencia no se puede restringir a los aspectos fácticos o positivos como pretendía Comte: hay que considerar lo que Burtt (1959) llama fundamentos metafísicos de la ciencia. Si bien todos estos aspectos merecen especial atención en el caso de la llamada revolución copernicana, son dos perspectivas las más conspicuas: la astronomía matemática con sus constructos y cómputos y la filosofía mística de raigambre pitagóricoplatónica...

We propose to elucidate the internal mechanisms of the dynamic process of lexicogenesis, with special emphasis on the term ‘feminazi’ (recently coined in Spanish from the English language). It is a portmanteau that, by integrating the words ‘feminist’ and ‘Nazi’, a new word with a strong pejorative sense is elaborated. This new word is frequently used in different areas, especially in the polemic forums of social networks. Due to its pervasive ideological connotations, a sort of sociolectal isogloss has been built: while a group of speakers considers it a poisonous portmanteau that deserves banishment from the idiomatic use because it inserts itself into a hate speech, another group of speakers considers it to be basically adequate. From the theory and methodology of the conceptual fusion inscribed in the domain of modern cognitive semantics, we will explore the nature of the...

By virtue of chance, a computational system defined by unbounded merge was arrived at. This specific linguistic faculty of Homo sapiens is a momentous evolutionary leap (c. 50 000 years ago) that can be explained as a genetic assimilation called Baldwin effect. In other words, in a precarious biological scenario, the best strategy is to optimize plasticity. Then, efficient learning can be funneled into the genome quickly. Although the emergence of recursive language should be explained in the evolutionary framework, there are reasonable doubts about a pure Darwinism. In order to temper skepticism, we consider that we must incorporate the mechanism known as Baldwin effect into the logical structure of the theory. To the extent that rigorous positivist methodology does not fit here, we must open up our scientific point of view. Indeed, we will resort to the heuristic power of thought exper...

O objetivo do trabalho é proporcionar uma elucidação da diferença entre o sarcasmo e a ironia no âmbito do pragmático cognitivo. Considera-se que a ascensão da componente pragmática permite-nos compreender o enriquecimento do que foi dito, de acordo com os avanços de Recanati (2003). No entanto, a dimensão fenomenológica do que foi dito tem de ser ancorada a um nível mais profundo: a estrutura conceptual. Assim, com base na esplêndida análise de Coulson (2005), nós postularemos que, na medida em que o sarcasmo desenvolve um efeito de sentido vitimizador a partir de uma meta-representação, existem estratos que permitem o surgimento de tal interpretação sarcástica. A ironia também dá esta meta-representação, mas o efeito vitimizador está claramente associado ao sarcasmo (Kreuz, 2020). Para visualizar a topografia, desenvolve-se um método de análise baseado num mo...

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In this brief essay, I will elucidate the concept of diglossia from the approach of Charles Ferguson (1959) to the multiple uses it has acquired over time. The polysemy of the term in question is a clear indicator that it refers to an enormously complex reality or, indeed, to quite different realities. Indeed, the universe of diglossic relationships is so variegated that it is necessary to carry out a rigorous conceptual analysis in order to avoid falling into unpleasant confusions and unfortunate simplifications. Consequently, my main purpose is to outline the evolution of the concept to see to what extent it is still useful, especially bearing in mind the Peruvian case: what Albe1io Escobar (1979) called the language question in Peru.

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This essay reflects on interculturality from a critical perspective. In this way, it seeks to unravel the presuppositions in the discourse of interculturality and the network of conceptual relations at play. In this context, the notion of linguaculture is crucial to propose a new look at this pressing problem. The critical view of interculturality must start from the fact of recognizing that, as a truly existing state of affairs, interculturality has not fully crystallized in our country. However, the critical perspective that we defend does not fall into the swamp of inert pessimism, nor into hypocritical cynicism; rather, it can lead us, leaving aside self-deception, to a better state of affairs. In this sense, interculturality must be assumed as a project, a goal, a task, an agenda for the future. The true promise of Peruvian life lies in assuming the beautiful challenge of intercultu...

In this paper, we will argue that the metatheoretical notion of paradigm is a useful concept to account for the development of linguistic research. To this end, we will first elucidate the notion of paradigm on the basis of Thomas Kuhn's ideas (1970, 2000). Then, we will schematically present three research paradigms in linguistics: structuralist linguistics, Chomskyan generativism and cognitive grammar. Our presentation will touch on the ontological commitments that define the nature of linguistic research according to each paradigm. Finally, as a corollary of our epistemological reflections, we will draw some conclusions on the issue of interdisciplinarity in the sciences.

Desde el clásico estudio de Kuhn (1957), mucho se ha insistido en la pluralidad estructural de la llamada revolución copernicana –esto es, la sustitución de la astronomía ptolemaica centrada en la Tierra por la astronomía copernicana centrada casi en el Sol–. El poliedro de la revolución copernicana incluye aspectos matemáticos, astronómicos, físicos, filosóficos y teológicos. Sin duda, la comprensión de la estructura y la dinámica de laciencia no se puede restringir a los aspectos fácticos o positivos como pretendía Comte: hay que considerar lo que Burtt (1959) llama fundamentos metafísicos de la ciencia. Si bien todos estos aspectos merecen especial atención en el caso de la llamada revolución copernicana, son dos perspectivas las más conspicuas: la astronomía matemática con sus constructos y cómputos y la filosofía mística de raigambre pitagóricoplatónica...

Inference is viewed as a fundamental operation in reading. First, sornebasic notions are defined within a conceptual framework guiding thispaper. In the second place, a set of cases are shown to explain the variedroles inference plays in reading. Thirdly, a main hypothesis drawn from theprevious steps considered are described. In short, the author claims thatinference is the key process in reading.

In this article, we work with the category of reanalysis to shed light on a series of changes in the history of the Spanish language, and thereby to overcome the mere description level with the purpose of achieving the core goal of Science: theoretical explanation. In order to accomplish our mission, we base our work on the framework drawn up by Langacker (1977). The theoretical Langackerian framework sets a clear concept of reanalysis and produces a clear distinction of their types, causes, and effects. Firstly, we will make a concise presentation of Langacker’s notions, above all, those regarding to the types of reanalysis. Then we will focus on some diachronic processes of the Spanish language that can be clarified in terms of the Langackerian category. Finally, we will expose some corollaries resulting from this framework to underpin a cognitiveview of linguistic change.

Studies on lexical frequency start from the so-called Zipf law (1949), according to which the most frequent words in languages tend to be the shortest in length (in terms of number of phonemes or syllables), which reveals an asymmetry as a prevalent property of language. Although such statistical regularity is usually analyzed from the records of verbal economy in articulatory gestures, the most recent perspective tries to elucidate the aspects related to lexical memory or cognition in general. In this context, we are interested in approaching the phenomenon of reversible frequency in plurals: while there is a general tendency for singular forms to be more frequent than plural forms, there is a small group of words in which plural forms exhibit greater frequency than the corresponding singular forms. Taking into account the overwhelming database known as the list of frequencies from the ...