The aim of this study was to estimate the production of faeces in alpacas with the use of titanium dioxide (TiO2). A square 4x4 Latin design was used, with four animals, four treatments and four periods. Each period last for 14 days of evaluation and seven days of rest. The treatments were: T2.5 (1), 2.5 g of TiO2/animal/day; T1.25(2), 2.5 g of TiO2/animal/day divided into two doses (07:00, 16:00); T5(1), 5 g of TiO2/animal/day; T2.5(2), 5 g of TiO2/animal/day divided into two doses (07:00, 16:00). The percentages of the recovery of TiO2 were 90, 82, 78 and 52% for T2.5(1), T1.25(2), T5(1) and T2.5(2), respectively, being T2.5(2) different from the other treatments (p=0.00013). The parameters of the TiO2 excretion pattern were: intercept of the curve of TiO2 excretion at time zero (a), maximum excretion of TiO2 at time (b), constant rate of excretion of b (c), time needed of excretion of...

El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la producción de heces en alpacas con el uso del dióxido de titanio (TiO2). Se usó un diseño cuadrado latino 4x4, con cuatro animales, cuatro tratamientos y cuatro periodos. Cada periodo de 14 días de experimentación y siete de descanso. Los tratamientos fueron: T2.5(1), 2.5 g de TiO2/animal/día; T1.25(2), 2.5 g de TiO2/animal/día repartido en dos dosis (07:00, 16:00); T5(1), 5 g de TiO2/animal/día; T2.5(2), 5 g de TiO2/animal/día repartido en dos dosis (07:00, 16:00). Los porcentajes de la recuperación de TiO2 fueron de 90, 82, 78 y 52% para T2.5(1), T1.25(2), T5(1) y T2.5(2), respectivamente, siendo T2.5(2) diferente a los otros tratamientos (p=0.00013). Los parámetros del patrón de excreción del TiO2 fueron: intercepto de la curva de la excreción de TiO2 en el tiempo cero (a), máxima excreción del TiO2 en tiempo (b), la tasa constan...

The problem of morbidity and mortality of guinea pigs in a farm in the province of Trujillo, La Libertad region, is described. Due to vitamin C levels, blood and lesions, a deficiency of vitamin C was diagnosed and therefore alfalfa ad libitum was supplemented during 21 days in four animals on days 0, 1, 7, 14 and 21 of the supplementations. The increase in blood ascorbic acid levels was observed from the first day of the supplementation and its normalization at the end of the evaluation period. Moreover, the complete recovery of body condition in the evaluated animals.

The problem of morbidity and mortality of guinea pigs in a farm in the province of Trujillo, La Libertad region, is described. Due to vitamin C levels, blood and lesions, a deficiency of vitamin C was diagnosed and therefore alfalfa ad libitum was supplemented during 21 days in four animals on days 0, 1, 7, 14 and 21 of the supplementations. The increase in blood ascorbic acid levels was observed from the first day of the supplementation and its normalization at the end of the evaluation period. Moreover, the complete recovery of body condition in the evaluated animals.

Two simultaneous extreme events affected tropical South America to the east of the Andes during the austral summer and fall of 2012: a severe drought in Northeast Brazil and intense rainfall and floods in Amazonia, both considered records for the last 50 years. Changes in atmospheric circulation and rainfall were consistent with the notion of an active role of colder-than-normal surface waters in the equatorial Pacific, with above-normal upward motion and rainfall in western Amazonia and increased subsidence over Northeast Brazil. Atmospheric circulation and soil moisture anomalies in the region contributed to an intensified transport of Atlantic moisture into the western part of Amazonia then turning southward to the southern Amazonia region, where the Chaco low was intensified. This was favored by the intensification of subtropical high pressure over the region, associated with an anom...