Introduction: Polycystic sclerosing adenosis / adenoma (SPA) is accepted as a very rare new benign neoplastic entity of the salivary glands that generally involves the parotid gland. Dysgenetic polycystic disease is another rare entity with histology similar to SPA and that also affects the parotid gland more frequently. Case report: The case of a 28-year-old woman with increased volume of the right parotid gland of approximately 3 years of evolution is presented, whose histopathological analysis suggested the diagnosis of Polycystic Sclerosing Adenosis / adenoma associated with Polycystic Dysgenetic Disease of the right parotid gland. The patient received surgical treatment of total parotidectomy with preservation of the facial nerve. At the moment with remission of the disease.

A 63-year-old male patient from Tocache, a hamlet in the Department of San Martín, Perú. He began his illness 5 years prior to presentation, with conjunctival erythema in both eyes. This was followed by nasal secretion, skin lesions producing nasal deformity, as well as skin exfoliation and anesthesia of the fingers and feet. On the neurological examination, there was anesthesia involving hands and feet. Laboratory work revealed normocytic anemia, leukopenia, eosinophilia, and lymphopenia. There was presence of fecal Strongyloides stercoralis and Ascaris lumbricoides. Sinus X-ray revealed sinusitis, polyps, and keratitis. The electromyography was compatible with a sensory axonal polyneuropathy without motor involvement. Biopsies of the sural nerve and the affected musculature were performed, and positive acid-fast bacilli were identified.

The case of a 73 years-old woman that, since approximately the age of 30 years started to complain of pain when walking, is presented. The symptom was mainly located in the acchillean regions which, as time advanced, showed gradual volume increase and, finally, forced her to seek medical evaluation. Accompanying relatives reported a several years’ history of gradually increasing cognitive difficulties (i.e., forgetfulness, disorientation, poor attention and concentration), fluctuating mood (from periods of good humor switching to sudden episodes of sadness and crying spells), emotional lability and anxiety crises evolving into brief panic attacks. The Mini-cognitive Fenton Test confirmed severe dementia and the neurological evaluation showed cerebellar ataxia and partial pyramidalism. The ophthalmological examination revealed xanthelasmas, cataracts and dense arcus senilis. Xanthomas we...