Objective: To make a comparison between the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) and the conventional open approach of thyroidectomies performed at the Hospital Central del Estado de Chihuahua. Materials and methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 10 patients who underwent total or partial thyroidectomies using either an endoscopic technique or conventional open surgery between March 2018 and March 2019. The study included patient demographics (age and body mass index [BMI]), indications for surgery (tumor size by ultrasound), surgical history and comorbidities, surgical time (in hours for both open and endoscopic procedures), number of conversions required, length of hospital stay, histopathological results from intraoperative and definitive biopsies, and immediate and late postoperative complications specific to both procedures. During the TOETVA, t...