Objectives: To determine a score for risk assessment and screening of pregnant women with and without preeclampsia. Design: Cross-sectional, analytical, case-control study. Institution: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hospital III Honorio Delgado de Arequipa, Peru. Participants: Pregnant women with and without preeclampsia (PE) who had normal or dystocic vaginal delivery in our Department between June 2015 and June 2016. Main outcome measures: Bivariate analysis of risk factors for preeclampsia. Determination of a cutoff point of risk for preeclampsia. Results: 253 patients were evaluated, 132 patients belonged to the control group and 121 cases to the PE group. The risk factors studied had an odds ratio (OR) greater than 2, being higher for the risk factor mean arterial pressure (OR: 8.80) and smaller for hemoglobin - Hb (OR: 2.749). A cutoff point ≥ 4 appreciated the high ri...

Objetivo. Valorar la validez diagnóstica del índice de pulsatilidad (IP) y velocidad media (VM) de la arteria uterina en la preeclampsia (PE) y la restricción del crecimiento intrauterino (RCIU). Diseño. Estudio transversal analítico realizado en el Hospital III Honorio Delgado de Arequipa, Perú, desde mayo 2014 hasta abril 2015. El grupo de casos lo constituyeron 78 gestantes con PE de inicio precoz (< 34 semanas), PE de inicio tardío (≥ 34 semanas), RCIU y RCIU con PE, y el grupo control estuvo formado por 100 gestantes sin complicaciones, con embarazo único de 20 a 40 semanas. Se realizó ecografía Doppler de las arterias uterinas, calculándose el IP y VM de las arterias uterinas, promedios y pruebas de validez diagnóstica en PE y RCIU. Resultados. La VM en la RCIU tuvo sensibilidad y especificidad de 76,2 y 96,9, respectivamente, y en la PE de inicio tardío, la sensibil...

Successful human pregnancy is the result of a series of processes that occur in a coordinated manner in time and space in the embryonic, placental, fetal-maternal interface. Failure of these series of processes determines inadequate placentation, preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Pathophysiological aspects of early placental development are reviewed in this article.

Objectives: To determine fetal standard and secondary biometry correlation with gestational age in the second and third trimesters. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Hospital III Honorio Delgado, Arequipa, Peru. Participants: Women in second and third trimester of gestation without evidence of disease. Methods: In 140 26.14 year-old pregnant women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy presenting for routine ultrasound evaluation, fetal standard biometry and secondary biometry were obtained and correlated with gestational age in the second and third trimesters. Standard fetal biometry included biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL) and abdominal circumference (AC); secondary biometry included transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD), renal length (RL) and foot length (PL). Main outcome measures: Standard and secondary fetal biometry regression an...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of a low cost device used for the transvaginal aspiration of adnexal simple cysts. DESIGN: Observational and prospective study. SETTING: Private practice, Socabaya District, Arequipa, Peru. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with non-complicated adnexal simple cysts. INTERVENTIONS: Previous informed consent, in 15 patients bearers of non-complicated adnexal simple cysts transvaginal aspiration of the cyst was done by using a low-cost handmade device (guide) connected to a portable ultrasound machine endovaginal transducer. Samples of aspiration were sent for pathological study. Patients were surveyed clinically and by ultrasound for 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Difficulty and complications of the procedure, cyst remission. RESULTS: The procedure was achieved without difficulties or complications in all 15 patients. There was complete remission of the cyst in...

This review describes the use of introital ultrasound in the evaluation of the pelvic floor, as a complementary method in the clinical study of urinary incontinence and genital prolapse. Additionally, we discuss the advantage of proceedings and images with the linear transducer in the evaluation of the levator ani. This review aims to expand the scope of use of the ultrasound in the evaluation of the pelvic floor and to improve the obstetrician/gynecologist’s diagnostic ability in Urogynecology.

Objectives: To assess indexes and velocities of the uterine artery as indicators of uterine hypoperfusion in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction. Design: Case-control study. Setting: Hospital III Honorio Delgado, Arequipa, Peru. Participants: Thirty pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) confirmed birthweight below the 10th percentile; the control group included 80 normal pregnant women in the third trimester. Methods: Between July 2013 and April 2014 Doppler ultrasound of the uterine arteries was performed in pregnant women participating in the study and uterine arteries indexes and velocities were calculated; media were compared and RCIU diagnosis validity tests were performed. Main outcome measures: Calculation of indexes and velocities of the uterine arteries. Results: Mean gestational age for the IUGR and control groups were respectively 35.7 and ...

Objectives: To determine the gestational weight gain (GWG) percentiles according to pregestational body mass index (BMI) and birth weight at Honorio Delgado Hospital of Arequipa. Design: Descriptive observational study. Institution: Hospital III Honorio Delgado of Arequipa, Peru. Participants: Healthy pregnant women between 37 and 41 weeks of gestation who came to the hospital from July 2015 to June 2016 for delivery. Methods: Selection by systematic randomization of 1 007 pregnant women. Main outcome measures: The mean and percentiles of the total GWG were determined quarterly, monthly and weekly. Results: The 1 007 pregnant women had a mean maternal age of 26.7 years, a pregestational BMI of 25.7 and the average newborn weight was 3 456 g. According to the birth weight ranging from 2 780 to 3 820 g, the 25th and 75th percentile of the total GWG were 8.1 to 13.3 and 9.0 to 13.9 for low ...

Objectives: To determine correlation of the uterine artery mean velocity with gestational age as indicator of uterine vascular perfusion. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Hospital III Honorio Delgado, Arequipa, Peru. Participants: Pregnant women. Interventions: To pregnant women between 14-41 weeks of gestation admitted to the hospital for routine ultrasound evaluation without evidence of pathology both uterine arteries average mean velocity (MnV) was calculated and correlated with gestational age. Correlation of average MnV in the second (14-28 weeks) and third (29-41 weeks) trimesters and MnV 5th percentile were determined. Main outcome measures: Both uterine arteries mean velocity (MnV) and correlation with gestational age. Results: Average age of the 138 pregnant women was 26.4 years and MnV correlation coefficient to gestational age was r = 0.556 (r2 = 0.31). Correlation coef...

Both systemic and uterine cardiovascular physiological changes in pregnancy are fundamental for blood flow increase in the uterus, microcirculation and circulation in the intervillous space. Pathophysiological changes in uterine and placental circulation are associated to preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. In this review the anatomy of the uterine blood flow, uterine blood flow during pregnancy and clinical implications are described.

Successful human pregnancy is the result of a series of processes that occur in a coordinated manner in time and space in the embryonic, placental, fetal-maternal interface. Failure of these series of processes determines inadequate placentation, preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Pathophysiological aspects of early placental development are reviewed in this article.

Objectives: To determine fetal standard and secondary biometry correlation with gestational age in the second and third trimesters. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Hospital III Honorio Delgado, Arequipa, Peru. Participants: Women in second and third trimester of gestation without evidence of disease. Methods: In 140 26.14 year-old pregnant women in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy presenting for routine ultrasound evaluation, fetal standard biometry and secondary biometry were obtained and correlated with gestational age in the second and third trimesters. Standard fetal biometry included biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), femur length (FL) and abdominal circumference (AC); secondary biometry included transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD), renal length (RL) and foot length (PL). Main outcome measures: Standard and secondary fetal biometry regression an...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of a low cost device used for the transvaginal aspiration of adnexal simple cysts. DESIGN: Observational and prospective study. SETTING: Private practice, Socabaya District, Arequipa, Peru. PARTICIPANTS: Patients with non-complicated adnexal simple cysts. INTERVENTIONS: Previous informed consent, in 15 patients bearers of non-complicated adnexal simple cysts transvaginal aspiration of the cyst was done by using a low-cost handmade device (guide) connected to a portable ultrasound machine endovaginal transducer. Samples of aspiration were sent for pathological study. Patients were surveyed clinically and by ultrasound for 12 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Difficulty and complications of the procedure, cyst remission. RESULTS: The procedure was achieved without difficulties or complications in all 15 patients. There was complete remission of the cyst in...