Non-valvular Infective endocarditis (IE) is exceedingly rare; however, its incidence has risen in tandem with the increased usage of intracardiac devices and the growing prevalence of risk factors associated with IE. We present a clinical case involving an 18-year-old patient with IE occurring at an atypical location, concomitant with central venous catheter bloodstream infection. The patient underwent targeted antibiotic therapy but ultimately required surgical resection of the vegetation due to multiple risk factors associated with a poor prognosis. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a low threshold of suspicion for IE and emphasizes the need for heightened vigilance regarding non-valvular tissues hosting foreign bodies. These less common locations pose a risk for vegetation development. Additionally, we underscore the pivotal role of 3D echocardiography tools i...

Non-valvular Infective endocarditis (IE) is exceedingly rare; however, its incidence has risen in tandem with the increased usage of intracardiac devices and the growing prevalence of risk factors associated with IE. We present a clinical case involving an 18-year-old patient with IE occurring at an atypical location, concomitant with central venous catheter bloodstream infection. The patient underwent targeted antibiotic therapy but ultimately required surgical resection of the vegetation due to multiple risk factors associated with a poor prognosis. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a low threshold of suspicion for IE and emphasizes the need for heightened vigilance regarding non-valvular tissues hosting foreign bodies. These less common locations pose a risk for vegetation development. Additionally, we underscore the pivotal role of 3D echocardiography tools in anato...

Non-valvular Infective endocarditis (IE) is exceedingly rare; however, its incidence has risen in tandem with the increased usage of intracardiac devices and the growing prevalence of risk factors associated with IE. We present a clinical case involving an 18-year-old patient with IE occurring at an atypical location, concomitant with central venous catheter bloodstream infection. The patient underwent targeted antibiotic therapy but ultimately required surgical resection of the vegetation due to multiple risk factors associated with a poor prognosis. This case underscores the importance of maintaining a low threshold of suspicion for IE and emphasizes the need for heightened vigilance regarding non-valvular tissues hosting foreign bodies. These less common locations pose a risk for vegetation development. Additionally, we underscore the pivotal role of 3D echocardiography tools i...

Los gliomas múltiples (multifocales y multicéntricos) son poco frecuentes en los gliomas de bajo grado. La etiología de los gliomas multicéntricos es poco conocida y su manejo es controversial. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 27 años, con dos lesiones compatibles imagenológicamente con glioma de bajo grado, confirmado por estudio anatomopatológico; recibe manejo con quimioterapia y radioterapia manteniéndose la enfermedad estable a un año de seguimiento; no pudo ser sometida a cirugía debido a que las lesiones se encontraban en áreas elocuentes. Para este tipo de pacientes el tratamiento de elección es la cirugía, siempre que sea factible, según elocuencia y compromiso vascular, seguido de esquemas de quimioterapia y radioterapia, según el esquema que se da en gliomas únicos. Por ello, los gliomas multicéntricos de bajo grado son una patología rara que debe ser m...

Los hemangiomas del seno cavernoso son considerados como malformaciones vasculares o tumores vasculares, se desarrollan extraaxiales, pero son histológicamente distintos a la malformación cavernomatosa cerebral. Su clínica puede ser cefalea, alteraciones visuales o paresia de pares craneales. Los métodos diagnósticos son la tomografía, pero principalmente la resonancia contrastada. El tratamiento puede ser mediante microcirugía o radioterapia. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 30 años, sin antecedentes, con 3 años de evolución de cefalea, y 7 meses de diplopía por paresia del VI par craneal. La resonancia contrastada evidencia un proceso expansivo en el seno cavernoso derecho, bordes regulares, hipointensa en T1, hipercaptador de contraste, hiperintensa en T2 y FLAIR, que no restringe en difusión. Se le realizó una craneotomía más resección total de la tumoración con a...

Multiple gliomas (multifocal and multicentric) are rare in low-grade gliomas. In multicentric gliomas, their etiology is poorly understood, and their management is controversial. A 27-year-old female patient, with two lesions compatible with low-grade glioma, confirmed by pathological study, for which; she received chemotherapy and radiotherapy, maintaining stable disease after one year of follow-up; she could not undergo surgery because the lesions were located in eloquent areas. For this type of patient, the standard of care is surgery whenever feasible based on eloquence and vascular involvement, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy like treatment given in single gliomas. Low-grade multicentric gliomas are a rare pathology that must be managed by a multidisciplinary team where surgery is the standard of care whenever feasible, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Multiple gliomas (multifocal and multicentric) are rare in low-grade gliomas. In multicentric gliomas, their etiology is poorly understood, and their management is controversial. A 27-year-old female patient, with two lesions compatible with low-grade glioma, confirmed by pathological study, for which; she received chemotherapy and radiotherapy, maintaining stable disease after one year of follow-up; she could not undergo surgery because the lesions were located in eloquent areas. For this type of patient, the standard of care is surgery whenever feasible based on eloquence and vascular involvement, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy like treatment given in single gliomas. Low-grade multicentric gliomas are a rare pathology that must be managed by a multidisciplinary team where surgery is the standard of care whenever feasible, followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Cavernous sinus hemangioma is considered as a vascular malformation or as a vascular tumor. It is usually extra-axially located, but it is histologically different from cavernomatous cerebral malformations. Clinical features may include headache, visual alterations or cranial nerve palsy. Diagnostic methods include CT scans, but the best is contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therapy may be microsurgery or radiotherapy. We present the case of a 30-year-old male, with no relevant past history, who had suffered with headache for three years, and diplopia for the last seven months, due to paresis affecting the sixth cranial nerve. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed an expansive lesion in the right cavernous sinus, with regular borders, T1 hypointense, with significant contrast uptake, T2 and FLAIR hyperintense, with no diffusion restriction. A craniotomy plus total resection of th...

Cavernous sinus hemangioma is considered as a vascular malformation or as a vascular tumor. It is usually extra-axially located, but it is histologically different from cavernomatous cerebral malformations. Clinical features may include headache, visual alterations or cranial nerve palsy. Diagnostic methods include CT scans, but the best is contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therapy may be microsurgery or radiotherapy. We present the case of a 30-year-old male, with no relevant past history, who had suffered with headache for three years, and diplopia for the last seven months, due to paresis affecting the sixth cranial nerve. Contrast-enhanced MRI showed an expansive lesion in the right cavernous sinus, with regular borders, T1 hypointense, with significant contrast uptake, T2 and FLAIR hyperintense, with no diffusion restriction. A craniotomy plus total resection of th...

Se informa que la epilepsia tiene una incidencia de 1% en la población, de los cuales un tercio no responde al tratamiento farmacológico, que conlleva a discapacidad y morbilidad secundaria. Los pacientes con epilepsia refractaria (ER) requieren un estudio multidisciplinario para el origen de la epilepsia y realizar la resección quirúrgica. Se realizó el estudio multidisciplinario y el tratamiento quirúrgico en siete pacientes con criterios de ER, con un promedio de edad al momento de la cirugía de 11,49 años (rango entre 3,4 y 35 años), de los cuales seis fueron mujeres y un paciente varón. La eficacia de la cirugía en el control de la ER fue excelente en 71,4 % (5 de 7 casos) con valores de escala de Engel I (desaparición de las crisis epilépticas) y buena en 28,6 % (2 de 7 pacientes) con valores de escala de Engel II (disminución de crisis entre 75 % y 99 %). La displasi...

Objective. Describe the virtualization process of general and special pathology courses and the perception of students. Methods. Non-experimental, prospective, and cross-sectional study. For the virtual teaching of the courses, the Moodle platform was used; and, for histopathology practices, the Pathpresenter platform was used. 126 students from the general pathology course and 133 from special pathology participated. The questionnaire developed by Justin Krawiec and Quality Matters for Higher Education Rubric was used, consisting of 27 questions with Likert scale responses ranging from 1 to 5, where 1 is valued as totally disagree and 5 as totally agree. It has a reliability of 0.96 according to Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The global assessments were established using percentiles. Results. Use of Moodle: the clarity of the content obtained an evaluation of 3.9 and 4, while the prese...