The article reports on the intense drought conditions which affected the center, southern parts and in the southern lowlands of Bolivia which affected during the first part of the year. Discussed is the hydrology of the Peruvian side of Lake Titicaca which shows low river discharge and drop in water level at Lake Titicaca. Also discussed is the extreme drought at Andean region in 2016 has led the Peruvian government Ministry of Agriculture to declare a state of emergency.

This region includes Brazil, Paraguay, southern Venezuela, and the Amazon lowland sectors of Peru, Colombia and Bolivia.

This subsection covers Brazil, Paraguay, and sectors of northern Argentina, Peru, and Bolivia east of the Andes.

Unless otherwise noted, normals and anomalies are based on the 1961–90 average.

The central South America region includes Brazil, Peru, Paraguay, and Bolivia. The 2016 climate conditions were characterized by extreme high temperatures and below-average precipitation in the Amazon and Andean regions, while above-average precipitation was observed in northern Peru and northeastern Paraguay.

The central South America region includes Brazil, Peru, Paraguay, and Bolivia.

The 2022 mean temperature for central South America was 0.23°C above the 1991–2020 average (Fig. 7.13). Much of the region had near- to above-average mean annual temperatures (Fig. 7.11). Seasonally, during December–February, much of the northern half of Brazil and some areas in northwestern Peru and southwestern Bolivia had near- to below-average temperatures. Meanwhile, the rest of region had near- to above-average conditions. During boreal autumn (March–May), most of the region experienced near- to above-average temperatures, with southern Peru and southwestern Bolivia observing below-average temperatures. Above-average temperatures also encompassed much of the region during boreal winter (June–August), with some locations experiencing mean temperature anomalies that were +2°C or higher. Parts of southern Peru continued to experience near- to below-average conditions during ...