This paper addresses political participation in the general elections of 1963. But a central item in the analysis are the previous trajectories of political opponents, those who sought social justice (from different party tendencies), which for that reason were persecuted and imprisoned, whom we call political prisoners or political prisoners. In this sense, we will know about the life of professor and lawyer Genaro Ledesma Izquieta, who, being in prison, was elected deputy with the same rules imposed by the Military Government.

This article seeks to understand the evolution of Peruvian education and its various dilemmas from a historical appreciation. The objective is to understand educational deficiency from a political and cultural perspective. Therefore, we must go back to the past and contrast the changes and the permanencies. Peruvian education has been debated in constant dilemmas of choice and opposition: oral and written, reforms and counter-reforms, between liberals and conservatives, between rich and poor, preferences towards men and women, urban and rural, among others. Each approach responded to particular interests, in extreme cases to conservative religious beliefs rather than to a coherent educational policy of continuity. The various educational reforms undertaken from the Colony to part of the Republic will also be addressed. Consequently, only by revealing the shortcomings of this cultural for...

The contribution of nursing in Peru has been of vital importance in the fight against COVID-19. Starting from this premise, the objective of this research is to analyze the role played by nursing staff in hospital centers for the benefit of public health during the pandemic and the state of health emergency. The study is developed using the qualitative method, for which the information discourses published in the main newspapers are analyzed. The nurses who worked in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic were the main actors in the containment to combat the deadly virus. Therefore, their participation in the vaccination campaigns undertaken was one of the highest expressions of commitment to the health welfare of Peruvian society. In order to achieve the defined goals of nursing in this conjunctural process, not only were the skills acquired sufficient, but it was also necessary to fight ag...