Caracterización química preliminar del banco de germoplasma de cacao nativo “Theobroma cacao l.” de INIA, Loreto, Perú

• Autor: García Salazar, Claudio Alexis
• Formato: tesis de grado
• Fecha de Publicación: 2024
• Institución: Universidad Nacional De La Amazonía Peruana
• Repositorio: UNAPIquitos-Institucional
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.unapiquitos.edu.pe:20.500.12737/10718
• Enlace del recurso: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12737/10718
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Caracterización; Fenómenos químicos; Banco de germoplasma; Cacao; Theobroma cacao; https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#2.04.01

The main objective of this research was to perform a preliminary chemical characterization of native cacao varieties from the "Theobroma cacao L." Germplasm Bank at INIA, in Loreto, Peru. To achieve this, bioactive compounds with antioxidant capacity such as catechin and epicatechin were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector, as well as methylxanthines (theobromine and caffeine). The fatty acid profile present in these varieties was also determined using gas chromatography. The results revealed significant variations in the chemical composition of the samples, highlighting that epicatechin was the predominant compound, followed by catechin. Additionally, notable variability in the concentration of fatty acids, especially palmitic and arachidonic acids, was identified, supporting the hypothesis of chemical differences among the samples. These variations are attributed to genetic and environmental factors. The use of advanced techniques ensured the accuracy and validity of the results. In conclusion, this study provides a solid foundation for the conservation and genetic improvement of native cacao, offering crucial data for the development of products with high levels of bioactive and antioxidant compounds, benefiting both the food and pharmaceutical industries.