Gestión ambiental estratégica: Identificación de aspectos clave en empresas de lavadoras y lubricadoras según ISO 14001:2015

• Autores: Barragan Monrroy, Roberto, Cervantes Molina, Ximena, Moran Cabezas, Moran Cabezas, Byron Oviedo Bayas, Byron
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2025
• Institución: Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco
• Repositorio: Revistas - Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/1736
• Enlace del recurso: https://revistas.unsaac.edu.pe/index.php/ACS/article/view/1736
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Sostenibilidad ambiental; Mitigación de impactos; Percepción comunitaria de riesgos; Protección ambiental integral; Control de residuos peligrosos

Environmental management is essential to minimize the negative impacts of industrial activities, especially in small companies. The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate environmental aspects in washing and lubricating machine companies, aligning them with ISO 14001:2015, to optimize resources, manage waste and mitigate impacts. The research was conducted in three companies in San Cristobal Parish, Canton Quevedo, Ecuador, using the CONESA method to identify environmental aspects and a validated questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82 to measure perceptions. Statistical analysis included heat maps, correlations and k-means clustering, complemented with Principal Component Analysis. The results indicated that Campoverde leads in regulatory compliance, although all companies have deficiencies in Support and Operation. The severe impacts identified were water consumption, wastewater and used oils, with significant correlations between the perception of chemical intoxication and health (r=0.82), as well as between water contamination and chemical residues in drinking water (r=0.79). The clusters revealed three groups: moderate perceptions (208 people), significant concerns (71 people) and low risk perception (53 people). These findings highlight the need for rigorous controls on chemical management and water protection, as well as specific communication and environmental management strategies. It is concluded that it is a priority to improve critical areas and implement an Environmental Management System aligned with ISO 14001:2015 to promote sustainability and address community concerns.