Purpose – This study aims to examine the effects of energy consumption on economic growth by means of a panel data analysis of 75 net energy-importing countries for the period 1990 to 2012. Design/methodology/approach – For the purpose of the analysis, the countries are classified into two groups, and each group is then classified into subgroups. The first group is formed based on the energy import dependence of the countries and is classified into two subgroups according to whether their dependence is greater than or less than 50 per cent. The second group is formed based on the income level of the countries and is classified into four subgroups, specifically, low-income economies, lower-middle-income economies, upper-middle-income economies and high-income economies. Findings – The findings obtained for both panel data and for each country indicate that there is a positive and st...

Purpose. This study aims to examine the effects of energy consumption on economic growth by means of a panel data analysis of 75 net energy-importing countries for the period 1990 to 2012. Design/methodology/approach. For the purpose of the analysis, the countries are classified into two groups, and each group is then classified into subgroups. The first group is formed based on the energy import dependence of the countries and is classified into two subgroups according to whether their dependence is greater than or less than 50 per cent. The second group is formed based on the income level of the countries and is classified into four subgroups, specifically, low-income economies, lower-middle-income economies, upper-middle-income economies and high-income economies. Findings. The findings obtained for both panel data and for each country indicate that there is a positive and statistical...

The Calientes Geothermal Field is located in the Western Cordillera of the Andes in southern of Peru, in the Tacna Region at an altitude of 4400 m.a.s.l. inside of volcanic systems with presence of several tectonic structures. In Calientes we can distinguish two volcanic chains aligned of N-S, on the extreme west of the valley there is volcanic complex Yucamane-Calientes-Yucamane Chico, whereas to the extreme east there are volcanic centers aligned to NESW that have presented activity possibly does more than 4 Ma. The mean lithology is andesitic lava interlayered with some porphyritic lavas and sequences of pyroclastic flows. The Calientes Field is characterized for present a several quantity of geothermal manifestations as hot springs. In October 2007, we realized the study of thermal waters with geochemical methods for interpretation their chemical and isotopic characteristics. The the...