Relationship between adherence to an asthma management regimen and hospitalization in asthmatic children from a private clinic in Lima, Peru

• Autores: Diaz Flores, Rommel, Rojas Luna, David Ismael
• Formato: tesis de grado
• Fecha de Publicación: 2019
• Institución: Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
• Repositorio: UPC-Institucional
• Lenguaje: español
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorioacademico.upc.edu.pe:10757/655839
• Enlace del recurso: http://hdl.handle.net/10757/655839
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Asthma; Children; Hospitalization; Asma; Niños; Hospitalización; http://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.00.00; https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.00

INTRODUCTION: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects about 300 million people, where a significant proportion is the paediatric population. There are currently no studies in Peru where regimens seeking adherence to asthma control are related to a decrease in hospitalization. OBJECTIVES: Determine the relationship between adherence to an asthma management regimen and the incidence of hospitalization in asthmatic children aged 5 to 12 years in a private clinic in Lima, Peru. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study conducted at all headquarters of the private clinic. 388 patients between 5 and 12 years of age were included, of them 76 abandoned the asthma management regimen voluntarily during the study period. Therefore, 312 patients with asthma diagnosis who entered the asthma management regimen were obtained as a sample between 2012 and 2013. The exposure variable was adherence to the asthma management regimen, defined as attached to the patient who at least attends a medical visit every 2 months or 6 visits per year. The result variable (hospitalization) refers to the patient belonging to the regimen and entered at least 1 day in the hospitalized area in the period 2013-2018. Other variables we analyzed were sex, parent education, housing area, treatment, BMI (z-score) and asthma classification (GINA 2016). RESULTS: A total of 312 records of asthma patients were analyzed, where, 273 (87.50%) patients were properly attached to the asthma management regimen; and only 42 (13.46%) 39 (12.50%) were hospitalized patients were not attached to the asthma management regimen; 16 (41.03%) were hospitalized. In the bivariate and multivariate analysis, an association was found between hospitalization and adherence to the asthma management regimen (RR, 0.22, CI95%, 0.12 -0.43). CONCLUSIONS: Good adherence to medical visits from the asthma management regimen would be a protective factor to prevent hospitalization in paediatric patients aged 5 to 12 years.