Epidemiologic surveillance of nosocomial infections in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit of a developing country

• Autores: Becerra, María R., Tantaleán, José A., Suárez, Víctor J., Alvarado, Margarita C., Candela, Jorge L., Urcia, Flor C.
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2010
• Institución: Universidad de San Martín de Porres
• Repositorio: USMP-Institucional
• Lenguaje: inglés
• OAI Identifier: oai:repositorio.usmp.edu.pe:20.500.12727/6356
• Enlace del recurso: https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12727/6356; https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2431-10-66
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Unidades de cuidados intensivos; Infección; Sistema urinario; Infección hospitalaria; https://purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00

Background: Nosocomial Infections (NI) are a frequent and relevant problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiology of the three most common NI in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit from a developing country. Methods: We performed a prospective study in a single Pediatric Intensive Care Unit during 12 months. Children were assessed for 3 NI: bloodstream infections (BSI), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and urinary tract infections (UTI), according to Center for Disease Control criteria. Use of devices (endotracheal tube [ETT], central venous catheter [CVC] and urinary catheter [UC]) was recorded. Results: Four hundred fourteen patients were admitted; 81 patients (19.5%) developed 85 NIs. Density of incidence of BSI, VAP and UTI was 18.1, 7.9 and 5.1/1000 days of use of CVC, ETT and UC respectively. BSI was more common in children with CVCs than in those without CVCs (20% vs. 4.7%, p < 0.05). Candida spp. was the commonest microorganism in BSI (41%), followed by Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (17%). Pseudomonas (52%) was the most common germ for VAP and Candida (71%) for UTI. The presence of NI was associated with increased mortality (38.2% vs. 20.4% in children without NI; p < 0.001) and the median length of ICU stay (23 vs. 6 days in children without NI; p < 0.001). Children with NI had longer average hospital stay previous to diagnosis of this condition (12.3 vs. 6 days; p < 0.001). Conclusions: One of every 5 children acquires an NI in the PICU. Its presence was associated with increased mortality and length of stay. At the same time a longer stay was associated with an increased risk of developing NI.