Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire
Descripción del Articulo
In Mexico, a high percentage of young people experience symptoms of generalized anxiety, which are associated with difficulties in executive functions (EF). However, previous studies have shown inconsistent results, as they often rely solely on either objective or subjective measures. Therefore, thi...
| Autores: | , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | artículo |
| Fecha de Publicación: | 2025 |
| Institución: | Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola |
| Repositorio: | Revistas - Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola |
| Lenguaje: | español |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:revistas.usil.edu.pe:article/2031 |
| Enlace del recurso: | https://revistas.usil.edu.pe/index.php/pyr/article/view/2031 |
| Nivel de acceso: | acceso abierto |
| Materia: | Generalized anxiety Executive functions Self-report Ecological validity Adolescents Ansiedad generalizada Funciones ejecutivas Autorreporte Validez ecológica Adolescentes |
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Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire Ansiedad y funciones ejecutivas: resultados de una batería neuropsicológica y un cuestionario de autorreporte |
| title |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire |
| spellingShingle |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire Romero-Méndez, Christian Alexis Generalized anxiety Executive functions Self-report Ecological validity Adolescents Ansiedad generalizada Funciones ejecutivas Autorreporte Validez ecológica Adolescentes |
| title_short |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire |
| title_full |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire |
| title_fullStr |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire |
| title_sort |
Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report Questionnaire |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Romero-Méndez, Christian Alexis Romero-Méndez, Dan Lisandro |
| author |
Romero-Méndez, Christian Alexis |
| author_facet |
Romero-Méndez, Christian Alexis Romero-Méndez, Dan Lisandro |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Romero-Méndez, Dan Lisandro |
| author2_role |
author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Generalized anxiety Executive functions Self-report Ecological validity Adolescents Ansiedad generalizada Funciones ejecutivas Autorreporte Validez ecológica Adolescentes |
| topic |
Generalized anxiety Executive functions Self-report Ecological validity Adolescents Ansiedad generalizada Funciones ejecutivas Autorreporte Validez ecológica Adolescentes |
| description |
In Mexico, a high percentage of young people experience symptoms of generalized anxiety, which are associated with difficulties in executive functions (EF). However, previous studies have shown inconsistent results, as they often rely solely on either objective or subjective measures. Therefore, this study focused on analyzing the relationship between generalized anxiety and EF using both a neuropsychological battery and a self-report questionnaire, in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of cognitive functioning in adolescents. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, and explanatory design was employed. The sample consisted of 96 adolescents between 12 and 15 years old from the state of Puebla, Mexico. A total of 10.41% of participants presented severe symptoms of generalized anxiety. A significant relationship was found between anxiety and one of the neuropsychological tests, the consecutive subtraction task (100-7), which assesses working memory (ß = -.244, p = .017). In contrast, all EFs assessed through self-report showed significant associations with anxiety, particularly emotional control (ß = .696, p = .001) and inhibition (ß = .638, p = .001). The discrepancy between self-report and neuropsychological test results suggests that questionnaires capture the subjective perception of cognitive difficulties influenced by emotional factors, whereas neuropsychological tests measure objective performance. These findings highlight the importance of combining both types of measures, as they provide complementary perspectives that allow for a more accurate and ecologically valid assessment of EF in individuals with anxiety. |
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2025 |
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2025-12-18 |
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https://revistas.usil.edu.pe/index.php/pyr/article/view/2031 10.20511/pyr2025.v13.2031 |
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https://revistas.usil.edu.pe/index.php/pyr/article/view/2031 |
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10.20511/pyr2025.v13.2031 |
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Cognitive flexibility and response inhibition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 20, 20-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.07.006 /*ref*/Serván-Mori, E., Gonzalez-Robledo, L. M., Nigenda, G., Quezada, A., González-Robledo, M. C., & Rodriguez-Cuevas, F. G. (2021). Prevalence of depression and generalized anxiety disorder among Mexican indigenous adolescents and young adults: Challenges for healthcare. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 52, 179-189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-01001-9 /*ref*/Sociedad Mexicana de Psicología. (2010). Código Ético del Psicólogo. Trillas /*ref*/Spitzer, R. L., Kroenke, K., Williams, J. B., & Löwe, B. (2006). A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(10), 1092-1097. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092 /*ref*/Stroup, W. W. (2015). 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Carrera de Psicología, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú. |
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Carrera de Psicología, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú. |
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Anxiety and Executive Functions: Results from a Neuropsychological Battery and a Self-report QuestionnaireAnsiedad y funciones ejecutivas: resultados de una batería neuropsicológica y un cuestionario de autorreporteRomero-Méndez, Christian AlexisRomero-Méndez, Dan LisandroGeneralized anxietyExecutive functionsSelf-reportEcological validityAdolescentsAnsiedad generalizadaFunciones ejecutivasAutorreporteValidez ecológicaAdolescentesIn Mexico, a high percentage of young people experience symptoms of generalized anxiety, which are associated with difficulties in executive functions (EF). However, previous studies have shown inconsistent results, as they often rely solely on either objective or subjective measures. Therefore, this study focused on analyzing the relationship between generalized anxiety and EF using both a neuropsychological battery and a self-report questionnaire, in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of cognitive functioning in adolescents. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational, and explanatory design was employed. The sample consisted of 96 adolescents between 12 and 15 years old from the state of Puebla, Mexico. A total of 10.41% of participants presented severe symptoms of generalized anxiety. A significant relationship was found between anxiety and one of the neuropsychological tests, the consecutive subtraction task (100-7), which assesses working memory (ß = -.244, p = .017). In contrast, all EFs assessed through self-report showed significant associations with anxiety, particularly emotional control (ß = .696, p = .001) and inhibition (ß = .638, p = .001). The discrepancy between self-report and neuropsychological test results suggests that questionnaires capture the subjective perception of cognitive difficulties influenced by emotional factors, whereas neuropsychological tests measure objective performance. These findings highlight the importance of combining both types of measures, as they provide complementary perspectives that allow for a more accurate and ecologically valid assessment of EF in individuals with anxiety.En México, un alto porcentaje de jóvenes experimenta síntomas de ansiedad generalizada, los cuales se asocian con dificultades en las funciones ejecutivas (FE). Sin embargo, los estudios previos han mostrado resultados inconsistentes debido a que suelen basarse únicamente en medidas objetivas o subjetivas. Por ello, este estudio se centró en analizar la relación entre la ansiedad generalizada y las FE utilizando tanto una batería neuropsicológica como un cuestionario de autorreporte, con el fin de ofrecer una comprensión más integral del funcionamiento cognitivo en adolescentes. Se empleó un enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, corte transversal, y alcance correlacional y explicativo. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 96 adolescentes de entre 12 y 15 años, provenientes del Estado de Puebla (México). El 10.41% de los adolescentes presentó síntomas severos de ansiedad generalizada. Se encontró una relación significativa entre la ansiedad y una de las pruebas neuropsicológicas, la resta consecutiva de 100-7, que evalúa la memoria de trabajo (ß=-.244, p=.017). En contraste, todas las FE evaluadas mediante autorreporte mostraron relaciones significativas con la ansiedad, destacándose el control emocional (ß=.696, p=.001) y la inhibición (ß=.638, p=.001). La discrepancia entre los resultados del autoinforme y las pruebas neuropsicológicas sugiere que los cuestionarios reflejan la percepción subjetiva de dificultades cognitivas influenciada por factores emocionales, mientras que las pruebas neuropsicológicas miden el rendimiento objetivo. Estos hallazgos refuerzan la necesidad de combinar ambos tipos de medidas, debido a que ofrecen perspectivas complementarias que permiten una evaluación más precisa y ecológicamente válida de las FE en personas con ansiedad.Carrera de Psicología, Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola, Lima, Perú.2025-12-18info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://revistas.usil.edu.pe/index.php/pyr/article/view/203110.20511/pyr2025.v13.2031Propósitos y Representaciones; ##issue.vol## 13 (2025): Enero - Diciembre; e2031Propósitos y Representaciones; Vol. 13 (2025): Enero - Diciembre; e2031Propósitos y Representaciones. Journal of Educational Psychology; Vol. 13 (2025): January - December; e20312310-46352307-799910.20511/pyr2025.v13reponame:Revistas - Universidad San Ignacio de Loyolainstname:Universidad San Ignacio de Loyolainstacron:USILspahttps://revistas.usil.edu.pe/index.php/pyr/article/view/2031/1973/*ref*/Afshari, B., Jafarian, F., Asgharnejad, A. A., Aramfar, B., Balagabri, Z., Mohebi, M., Mardi, N., & Amiri, P. (2022). Study of the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy versus dialectical behavior therapy on executive function and reduction of symptoms in generalized anxiety disorder. Trends Psychiatry Psychother, 44, 1-7. https://www.scielo.br/j/trends/a/5yQbwLBpLHJ6WcByX5QxLTq/?format=pdf&lang=en/*ref*/Ajilchi, B., & Nejati, V. (2017). Executive functions in students with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 8(3), 223-232. https://doi.org/10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.3.223/*ref*/American Educational Research Association, American Psychological Association, & National Council on Measurement in Education. (2014). Standards for educational and psychological testing. American Educational Research Association./*ref*/Basile, S. M., Carrasco, M. A., & Martorrell, J. L. (2015). Preocupaciones excesivas en la adolescencia: Descripción, evaluación y tratamiento de un caso de ansiedad generalizada. Clínica y Salud, 26, 121-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clysa.2015.09.001/*ref*/Basten, U., Stelzel, C., & Fiebach, C. J. (2011). Trait anxiety modulates the neural efficiency of inhibitory control. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23(10), 3132-3145. https://doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00003/*ref*/Bridge, D. (2002) The behavior rating inventory of executive function: Commentary, child neuropsychology. A Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence, 8(4), 304-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/chin.8.4.304.13512/*ref*/Buchanan, T. (2016). Self-Report measures of executive function problems correlate with personality, not performance-based executive function measures, in nonclinical samples. Psychological Assessment, 28(4), 372-385. https://doi.org/10.1037/pas0000192/*ref*/Chaytor, N., & Schmitter-Edgecombe, M. (2003). The Ecological Validity of Neuropsychological Tests: A Review of the Literature on Everyday Cognitive Skills. 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Journal Scientific MQRInvestigar, 7(3),4317-4331. https://doi.org/10.56048/MQR20225.7.3.2023.4317-4331Derechos de autor 2025 Propósitos y Representacioneshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:revistas.usil.edu.pe:article/20312026-01-12T22:01:55Z |
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13.937125 |
Nota importante:
La información contenida en este registro es de entera responsabilidad de la institución que gestiona el repositorio institucional donde esta contenido este documento o set de datos. El CONCYTEC no se hace responsable por los contenidos (publicaciones y/o datos) accesibles a través del Repositorio Nacional Digital de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Acceso Abierto (ALICIA).
La información contenida en este registro es de entera responsabilidad de la institución que gestiona el repositorio institucional donde esta contenido este documento o set de datos. El CONCYTEC no se hace responsable por los contenidos (publicaciones y/o datos) accesibles a través del Repositorio Nacional Digital de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Acceso Abierto (ALICIA).
