Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence

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The article analyzes corporate cooperation within the framework of corporate criminal liability, highlighting its role as an instrument of reactive prevention rather than as a retributive sanction. It studies the comparative evolution of different legal systems —United States, countries of the Germa...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Goena Vives, Beatriz
Formato: artículo
Fecha de Publicación:2025
Institución:Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Repositorio:Revistas - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Lenguaje:español
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/32316
Enlace del recurso:http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/derechoysociedad/article/view/32316
Nivel de acceso:acceso abierto
Materia:Responsabilidad penal corporativa
Whistleblowing
Investigaciones internas
Prueba ilícita
Colaboración
Prevención reactiva
Corporate criminal liability
Internal investigations
Illicit evidence
Cooperation
Reactive prevention
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spelling Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidenceColaboración y sanción corporativa: whistleblowing, investigaciones internas y el dilema de la prueba ilícitaGoena Vives, BeatrizResponsabilidad penal corporativaWhistleblowingInvestigaciones internasPrueba ilícitaColaboraciónPrevención reactivaCorporate criminal liabilityWhistleblowingInternal investigationsIllicit evidenceCooperationReactive preventionThe article analyzes corporate cooperation within the framework of corporate criminal liability, highlighting its role as an instrument of reactive prevention rather than as a retributive sanction. It studies the comparative evolution of different legal systems —United States, countries of the Germanic tradition, Europe, and Ibero-America— regarding the incentives for companies to cooperate with the authorities through confession, reparation, improvement of compliance, and internal investigations. Special attention is given to the problems raised by cooperation when it relies on evidence obtained illegally, both by internal whistleblowers and in the context of corporate investigations. The paper examines the tension between encouraging cooperation and respecting fundamental rights, proposing clear limits: cooperation should not be the sole criterion for exemption from liability, and information obtained in violation of guarantees cannot justify procedural benefits.El artículo analiza la colaboración corporativa en el marco de la responsabilidad penal de las personas jurídicas, destacando su función como instrumento de prevención reactiva más que como sanción retributiva. Se estudia la evolución comparada de distintos sistemas jurídicos —Estados Unidos, países de tradición germánica, Europa e Iberoamérica— en torno a los incentivos para que las empresas cooperen con las autoridades a través de confesión, reparación, mejora del compliance e investigaciones internas. Se presta especial atención a los problemas que plantea la colaboración cuando se apoya en pruebas obtenidas ilícitamente, tanto por parte de denunciantes internos (whistleblowers) como en el marco de investigaciones corporativas. El trabajo examina la tensión entre el fomento de la cooperación y el respeto a los derechos fundamentales, proponiendo límites claros: la colaboración no debe ser el único criterio para eximir de responsabilidad, y la información obtenida vulnerando garantías no puede justificar beneficios procesales.Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú2025-11-04info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/derechoysociedad/article/view/32316Derecho & Sociedad; No. 64 (2025): Derecho Penal Económico y Compliance; 1-21Derecho & Sociedad; Núm. 64 (2025): Derecho Penal Económico y Compliance; 1-212521-599X2079-3634reponame:Revistas - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perúinstname:Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perúinstacron:PUCPspahttp://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/derechoysociedad/article/view/32316/28094http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/323162025-11-04T15:27:40Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
Colaboración y sanción corporativa: whistleblowing, investigaciones internas y el dilema de la prueba ilícita
title Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
spellingShingle Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
Goena Vives, Beatriz
Responsabilidad penal corporativa
Whistleblowing
Investigaciones internas
Prueba ilícita
Colaboración
Prevención reactiva
Corporate criminal liability
Whistleblowing
Internal investigations
Illicit evidence
Cooperation
Reactive prevention
title_short Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
title_full Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
title_fullStr Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
title_full_unstemmed Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
title_sort Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Goena Vives, Beatriz
author Goena Vives, Beatriz
author_facet Goena Vives, Beatriz
author_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Responsabilidad penal corporativa
Whistleblowing
Investigaciones internas
Prueba ilícita
Colaboración
Prevención reactiva
Corporate criminal liability
Whistleblowing
Internal investigations
Illicit evidence
Cooperation
Reactive prevention
topic Responsabilidad penal corporativa
Whistleblowing
Investigaciones internas
Prueba ilícita
Colaboración
Prevención reactiva
Corporate criminal liability
Whistleblowing
Internal investigations
Illicit evidence
Cooperation
Reactive prevention
description The article analyzes corporate cooperation within the framework of corporate criminal liability, highlighting its role as an instrument of reactive prevention rather than as a retributive sanction. It studies the comparative evolution of different legal systems —United States, countries of the Germanic tradition, Europe, and Ibero-America— regarding the incentives for companies to cooperate with the authorities through confession, reparation, improvement of compliance, and internal investigations. Special attention is given to the problems raised by cooperation when it relies on evidence obtained illegally, both by internal whistleblowers and in the context of corporate investigations. The paper examines the tension between encouraging cooperation and respecting fundamental rights, proposing clear limits: cooperation should not be the sole criterion for exemption from liability, and information obtained in violation of guarantees cannot justify procedural benefits.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025-11-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/derechoysociedad/article/view/32316
url http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/derechoysociedad/article/view/32316
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv spa
language spa
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/derechoysociedad/article/view/32316/28094
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Derecho & Sociedad; No. 64 (2025): Derecho Penal Económico y Compliance; 1-21
Derecho & Sociedad; Núm. 64 (2025): Derecho Penal Económico y Compliance; 1-21
2521-599X
2079-3634
reponame:Revistas - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
instname:Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
instacron:PUCP
instname_str Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
instacron_str PUCP
institution PUCP
reponame_str Revistas - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
collection Revistas - Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 13.90587
Corporate collaboration and sanction: Whistleblowing, internal investigations, and the dilemma of illicit evidence
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