Diferencias clínico-quirúrgicas en pacientes pediátricos sometidos a amigdalectomía por hipertrofia amigdalina frente a amigdalitis recurrente

• Autores: González Millán, Brenda Gissel, Lugo Machado, Juan Antonio, Quintero Bauman, Alejandra, Jiménez Rodríguez, Martha, Canche Martín, Edwin Miguel, Reina Loaiza, José Roberto, García López, América Jazmín, Pérez Rodríguez, Luis Carlos
• Formato: artículo
• Fecha de Publicación: 2026
• Institución: Universidad de San Martín de Porres
• Repositorio: Horizonte médico
• Lenguaje: español; inglés
• OAI Identifier: oai:horizontemedico.usmp.edu.pe:article/4322
• Enlace del recurso: https://horizontemedico.usmp.edu.pe/index.php/horizontemed/article/view/4322
• Nivel de acceso: acceso abierto
• Materia: Tonsila Palatina; Hipertrofia; Tonsilitis; Complicaciones Posoperatorias; Tonsilectomía; Pediatría; Palavras-chave: amigdalectomia, hipertrofia amigdalar, amigdalite recorrente, complicações pós-operatórias, pediatria.; Palatine Tonsil; Hypertrophy; Tonsillitis; Postoperative Complications; Tonsillectomy; Pediatrics

Objective: To compare the clinical and surgical characteristics among pediatric patients who underwent tonsillectomy for obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy versus recurrent tonsillitis. Materials and methods: An observational, analytical, retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients aged 3–17 years who underwent tonsillectomy between 2019 and 2024 at a tertiary-care hospital. Cases were classified according to the surgical indication. Demographic characteristics, analyzed. Recurrent tonsillitis was defined according to the Paradise criteria. Statistical analysis included the chi-square test and Student’s t-test, with a p value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 506 patients were included with a mean age of 6.7 years; 58.1 % were male. The most common surgical indication was obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy (78 %), followed by recurrent tonsillitis (22 %). No significant differences were identified between groups regarding demographic characteristics or comorbidities. Operative time was significantly longer in patients with obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy, with a mean duration of 50 min compared to 45 min in the recurrent tonsillitis group (p = 0.028). Mean intraoperative blood loss was higher in the hypertrophy group; however, this difference did not reach statistical significance. The overall complicationrate was 13 % and was higher among patients who underwent surgery for obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy (13.5 % vs. 11.7 %;p = 0.05). The most common complication was postoperative hemorrhage, followed by laryngospasm. Conclusions: Obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy was the most common indication for tonsillectomy in the pediatric population studied and was associated with longer operative times and a slightly higher complication rate. These findings highlight the need for careful postoperative follow-up, particularly in patients undergoing surgery for obstructive indications.